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- Source :
- Scientific Reports, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2018), Scientific Reports, Ramalingam, S, Cai, B, Wong, J, Twomey, M, Chen, R, Fu, R M, Boote, T, McCaughan, H, Griffiths, S J & Haas, J G 2018, ' Antiviral innate immune response in non-myeloid cells is augmented by chloride ions via an increase in intracellular hypochlorous acid levels ', Scientific Reports, vol. 8, 13630 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-31936-y
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Abstract
- Phagocytes destroy ingested microbes by producing hypochlorous acid (HOCl) from chloride ions (Cl−) and hydrogen peroxide within phagolysosomes, using the enzyme myeloperoxidase. HOCl, the active ingredient in bleach, has antibacterial/antiviral properties. As myeloperoxidase is needed for HOCl production, non-myeloid cells are considered incapable of producing HOCl. Here, we show that epithelial, fibroblast and hepatic cells have enhanced antiviral activity in the presence of increasing concentrations of sodium chloride (NaCl). Replication of enveloped/non-enveloped, DNA (herpes simplex virus-1, murine gammaherpesvirus 68) and RNA (respiratory syncytial virus, influenza A virus, human coronavirus 229E, coxsackievirus B3) viruses are inhibited in a dose-dependent manner. Whilst treatment with sodium channel inhibitors did not prevent NaCl-mediated virus inhibition, a chloride channel inhibitor reversed inhibition by NaCl, suggesting intracellular chloride is required for antiviral activity. Inhibition is also reversed in the presence of 4-aminobenzoic hydrazide, a myeloperoxidase inhibitor, suggesting epithelial cells have a peroxidase to convert Cl− to HOCl. A significant increase in intracellular HOCl production is seen early in infection. These data suggest that non-myeloid cells possess an innate antiviral mechanism dependent on the availability of Cl− to produce HOCl. Antiviral activity against a broad range of viral infections can be augmented by increasing availability of NaCl.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Hypochlorous acid
lcsh:Medicine
Sodium Chloride
Chloride
Article
Virus
Microbiology
Mice
03 medical and health sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
0302 clinical medicine
Chloride Channels
medicine
Animals
Humans
lcsh:Science
Peroxidase
Ions
A549 cell
Aniline Compounds
Multidisciplinary
Innate immune system
biology
lcsh:R
Hydrogen Peroxide
Immunity, Innate
Hypochlorous Acid
3. Good health
030104 developmental biology
chemistry
A549 Cells
030220 oncology & carcinogenesis
Myeloperoxidase
Viruses
NIH 3T3 Cells
biology.protein
Chloride channel
lcsh:Q
Intracellular
HeLa Cells
medicine.drug
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 20452322
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Scientific Reports
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....07ebf8a1fc8bab40ee59925f0d10a26b