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A scoping review of HIV epidemiologic, sociocultural and programmatic studies related to transgender women and men who have sex with men in Cambodia, 1999-2019
- Source :
- PLoS ONE, PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 7, p e0254490 (2021)
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Public Library of Science, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Background Cambodia is widely credited for its successful HIV epidemic control. However, in recent years there have been signs of increasing HIV prevalence among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW). This paper reviews HIV epidemiological, social science and HIV program implementation studies conducted over the past 20 years to explore possible reasons for the rising HIV prevalence among these groups and to formulate recommendations for improved policies, HIV programmatic interventions and further research. Methods For this scoping review, we searched the PubMed and Google Scholar databases for scientific publications related to HIV and MSM and TGW in Cambodia published since 1999. From each of the returned citations we subsequently studied reference lists to find additional data sources. We also searched websites for reports commissioned by national and international governmental and non-governmental organizations. Results Twenty-seven relevant studies and papers were found and reviewed; most were epidemiological in nature. Recent epidemiological studies and reports show an increase in HIV prevalence among Cambodian MSM and TGW. The epidemiology of HIV infection in these groups has been relatively well-described and analyzed. While initially MSM and TGW were grouped together, in more recent years they have been studied in their own right, recognizing their specific HIV and other prevention needs. Few studies were found investigating Cambodian same-sex cultures and social and cultural contexts in which HIV transmission among MSM and TGW occurs. A few evaluation studies were found, but it remains unknown how effective current HIV service implementation modalities are, or how successful strategies to increase access to essential HIV prevention, testing and treatment services have been employed for MSM and TGW in Cambodia. Conclusions Research about Cambodian MSM and TGW in the context of HIV primarily concerns bio-behavioral knowledge generation. Cambodia is unlikely to achieve control of the HIV epidemic among MSM and TGW without doing better in-depth social science research on its multiple sexual- and gender minority cultures, and without understanding what differentiated implementation modalities, strategies and approaches are most effective to address HIV among its increasingly diverse MSM and TGW populations.
- Subjects :
- RNA viruses
Male
Epidemiology
Psychological intervention
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
HIV Infections
medicine.disease_cause
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
Men who have sex with men
Geographical Locations
Sexual and Gender Minorities
0302 clinical medicine
Immunodeficiency Viruses
Medicine and Health Sciences
Medicine
030212 general & internal medicine
Sociocultural evolution
Virus Testing
Multidisciplinary
virus diseases
Medical Microbiology
HIV epidemiology
Viral Pathogens
Viruses
Infectious diseases
Female
Pathogens
0305 other medical science
Cambodia
Research Article
Medical conditions
medicine.medical_specialty
Asia
Science
HIV prevention
MEDLINE
Men WHO Have Sex with Men
Context (language use)
Viral diseases
Microbiology
Transgender Persons
03 medical and health sciences
Diagnostic Medicine
Environmental health
Retroviruses
Mental Health and Psychiatry
Humans
Microbial Pathogens
Preventive medicine
030505 public health
Modalities
business.industry
Lentivirus
Organisms
Biology and Life Sciences
HIV
Public and occupational health
Socioeconomic Factors
People and Places
Population Groupings
business
Sexuality Groupings
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 19326203
- Volume :
- 16
- Issue :
- 7
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PLoS ONE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....0bcd09ab70d584b79d6d672689cc70da