Invasion of rural houses by wild Triatominae in the arid Chaco

Triatomines are the vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiologic agent of Chagas disease, the main endemic disease affecting five to seven million people in Latin America. Besides Triatoma infestans, the most important T. cruzi vector in the Gran Chaco region, other triatomine species associated with sylvatic birds and mammals are responsible for the maintenance of the wild cycle of T. cruzi. The present study aimed at evaluating the house invasion by sylvatic triatomine species in rural communities of the Los Llanos region (La Rioja, Argentina) and its association with environmental variables. House invasion by flying adult triatomines was recorded by trained collectors that surveyed over 377 houses distributed over 73 localities in a 56,600 km2 study region, between October, 2014 and February, 2015. The result of the study showed the frequent house invasion by adult triatomines: 26.3% houses were infested in 53% of the localities. Seven sylvatic triatomine species were collected, with T. guasayana and T. garciabesi among the most abundant. House invasion by triatomine species showed no spatial aggregation and was not associated with temperature, precipitation, or vegetation cover at the spatial scale considered in the present study. House invasion by the epidemiologically important T. infestans is a concern of rural communities. Besides constituting a latent, although low, risk, the presence of these species negatively interferes with the vigilance activities of the provincial Chagas disease program. Fil: Cavallo, María José. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Transferencia Tecnologica de la Rioja. - Universidad Nacional de la Rioja. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Transferencia Tecnologica de la Rioja. - Universidad Nacional de Catamarca. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Transferencia Tecnologica de la Rioja. - Secretaria de Industria y Mineria. Servicio Geologico Minero Argentino. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Transferencia Tecnologica de la Rioja. - Provincia de la Rioja. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Transferencia Tecnologica de la Rioja. ; Argentina; Argentina Fil: Amelotti, Ivana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Transferencia Tecnologica de la Rioja. - Universidad Nacional de la Rioja. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Transferencia Tecnologica de la Rioja. - Universidad Nacional de Catamarca. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Transferencia Tecnologica de la Rioja. - Secretaria de Industria y Mineria. Servicio Geologico Minero Argentino. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Transferencia Tecnologica de la Rioja. - Provincia de la Rioja. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Transferencia Tecnologica de la Rioja. ; Argentina; Argentina Fil: Gorla, David Eladio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; Argentina