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The cellular and molecular bases of the sponge stem cell systems underlying reproduction, homeostasis and regeneration
- Source :
- The International journal of developmental biology. 62(6-7-8)
- Publication Year :
- 2018
-
Abstract
- The evolution of multicellular organisms is generally thought (and seems likely) to have been accompanied by the evolution of a stem cell system. Sponges, some of the early-evolved metazoans, have totipotent/pluripotent stem cells. Thus, uncovering the cellular and molecular bases of the sponge stem cells will not only be crucial for understanding the ancestral gene repertoire of animal stem cells, but will also give us clues to understanding the evolution of molecular mechanisms for maintaining multipotency (pluripotency) and differentiation ability during animal evolution. Sponges (Porifera) are a large phylum that includes an enormous number of species, whose cellular compositions and life cycles show striking variations. In the last decade, methodologies for molecular studies and sequencing resources have dramatically advanced and made it possible to clearly define stem cells in sponges in cellular and molecular terms. In this review, together with recent studies of sponges in various classes, the following issues will be discussed: i) recent findings that revealed that the previously proposed model that “archeocytes and choanocytes are the two types of stem cells” originally based on work in demosponges can be applied as a unified view of the stem cell system in sponges that have various cellular organizations, ii) the fact that sponge cells are more plastic than previously thought, as shown by recent studies of sponge regeneration both from dissociated cells and upon injury, and iii) the importance of transdifferentiation in sponge stem cell systems and regeneration.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Embryology
Cellular differentiation
Cell Plasticity
03 medical and health sciences
Animals
Homeostasis
Regeneration
Induced pluripotent stem cell
biology
Choanocyte
Regeneration (biology)
Gene Expression Profiling
Reproduction
Stem Cells
Cell Differentiation
biology.organism_classification
Cell biology
Porifera
Sponge
Multicellular organism
030104 developmental biology
Cell Transdifferentiation
Stem cell
Developmental Biology
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 16963547
- Volume :
- 62
- Issue :
- 6-7-8
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- The International journal of developmental biology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....0d32b32a0f448d4739b4b5f8bdd6e811