Retinotopic analysis of fiber pathways in amphibians. II. The frog Rana nigromaculata

The possibility of retinotopic organization of pathways of retinal fibers within the optic tract and the tectum of the frog was studied by selective labeling of the retinal fibers with horseradish peroxidase. Within the optic tract the pathways of the ventral, temporal and dorsal retinal fibers were ordered from the dorsal to ventral edges of the optic tract. The nasal retinal fibers ran along both the dorsal and ventral edges of the optic tract. The dorsal retinal fibers and the nasal retinal fibers which were located along the ventral edge of the optic tract entered the ventrolateral perimeter of the tectum and formed the lateral tract. The ventral retinal fibers and the nasal retinal fibers which were located along the dorsal edge of the optic tract entered the dorsomedial perimeter of the tectum and formed the dorsomedial tract. The temporal retinal fibers invaded the tectum directly at the diencephalo-tectal junction. The topography of fiber pathway observed for the frog was exactly the same as that seen in the newt, and seemed to be common to all amphibian species.