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The age of the hominin fossils from Jebel Irhoud, Morocco, and the origins of the Middle Stone Age

Authors :
Teresa E. Steele
Rainer Grün
Shannon P. McPherron
Abdelouahed Ben-Ncer
Daniel Richter
Mathieu Rué
Jean-Jacques Hublin
Denis Geraads
Paul Fernandes
Fethi Amani
Renaud Joannes-Boyau
Jean-Paul Raynal
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology [Leipzig]
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Australian Research Centre for Human Evolution (ARCHE)
Southern Cross GeoScience
Southern Cross University (SCU)
Institut National des Sciences de l'Archéologie et du Patrimoine (INSAP)
Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)
Paléotime
Archéologie des Sociétés Méditerranéennes (ASM)
Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC)
De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA)
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)
Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris (CR2P)
Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Hublin J.J.
Source :
Nature, Nature, Nature Publishing Group, 2017, 546 (7657), pp.293-296. ⟨10.1038/nature22335⟩
Publication Year :
2017

Abstract

International audience; The timing and location of the emergence of our species and of associated behavioural changes are crucial for our understanding of human evolution. The earliest fossil attributed to a modern form of Homo sapiens comes from eastern Africa and is approximately 195 thousand years old, therefore the emergence of modern human biology is commonly placed at around 200 thousand years ago. The earliest Middle Stone Age assemblages come from eastern and southern Africa but date much earlier. Here we report the ages, determined by thermoluminescence dating, of fire-heated flint artefacts obtained from new excavations at the Middle Stone Age site of Jebel Irhoud, Morocco, which are directly associated with newly discovered remains of H. sapiens. A weighted average age places these Middle Stone Age artefacts and fossils at 315 ± 34 thousand years ago. Support is obtained through the recalculated uranium series with electron spin resonance date of 286 ± 32 thousand years ago for a tooth from the Irhoud 3 hominin mandible. These ages are also consistent with the faunal and microfaunal assemblages and almost double the previous age estimates for the lower part of the deposits. The north African site of Jebel Irhoud contains one of the earliest directly dated Middle Stone Age assemblages, and its associated human remains are the oldest reported for H. sapiens. The emergence of our species and of the Middle Stone Age appear to be close in time, and these data suggest a larger scale, potentially pan-African, origin for both.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
00280836 and 14764679
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Nature, Nature, Nature Publishing Group, 2017, 546 (7657), pp.293-296. ⟨10.1038/nature22335⟩
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....0f1ae428c1da4fc074e38a505a5ffbaf
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature22335⟩