PATTERN OF MAXILLOFACIAL TRAUMA; A FIVE YEARS STUDY OF 3360 CASES

Objectives: To determine the pattern of maxillofacial injuries in the localpopulation. Study Design: Retrospective clinical and epidemiologic study. Period: January2009 to December 2013. Setting: Tertiary care hospital. Methods: 3360 patients reported formaxillofacial injuries. A number of parameters, including age, gender, facial bone fractures,laceration on face, injury of trigeminal and facial nerve branches, sensory and motor deficit inrelation to soft tissue trauma and bone fracture, were evaluated. Results: Males were dominantand male to female ratio was 6.3:1. Patients of 3rd decade were more and constitute 63.2%.Road traffic accident was the common etiological factor (78%). Mandible fracture was dominantand it was present in 1591 patients (47.7%). Soft tissue laceration frequency was high in cheekregion and was 13.7%. Sensory deficit (Trigeminal nerve injury) was present in 1167 patients(34.7%). Motor deficit (Facial nerve injury) was present in 249 patients (6.83%). Nerve injuriesin relation to mandible fracture were common. Conclusion: Road traffic accident was the mostcommon etiological factor and mandible fracture was common. Trigeminal nerve injuries werecommon and frequency of nerve injuries was high in relation to mandible fracture.