Back to Search
Start Over
Diabetes mellitus and COVID-19: Understanding the association in light of current evidence
- Source :
- World Journal of Clinical Cases
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Baishideng Publishing Group Inc., 2021.
-
Abstract
- Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections have posed a problematic healthcare situation worldwide since December 2019. Diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk and severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). While interacting with various other risk factors, high blood sugar was found to reduce immunity and increase the replication of SARS-CoV-2. Oxidative stress and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines are greater in diabetic individuals than in healthy people, worsening the outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection in diabetics. Increased expression of furin and angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) receptor in the hyperglycemic environment may promote the entry of SARS-CoV-2 in the host cell. COVID-19 infection primarily modulates immune and inflammatory responses, and may cause a cytokine storm, resulting in possible lethal outcomes in diabetics. An experimental report suggests that ACE expressed in the pancreas and the SARS-CoV-2 virus invariably destroy β-cells which contain ACE-2 receptors and results in acute diabetes. Moreover, COVID-19 also causes hyperglycemia in an individual with diabetes which may be related to insulin resistance and destruction of β-cells during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Early observations also suggest a correlation between oral hypoglycemic agents and the risk of COVID-19. This review focused on the possible cause and mechanism involved in SARS-CoV-2 infection in diabetics and the role of antidiabetic drugs in COVID-19.
- Subjects :
- SARS-CoV-2
business.industry
viruses
COVID-19
Blood sugar
Minireviews
General Medicine
Antidiabetic drug
Cytokine storm
medicine.disease
medicine.disease_cause
Diabetes mellitus
Immune system
Insulin resistance
Immunity
Immunology
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
Medicine
Angiotensin converting enzyme 2
business
Oxidative stress
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 23078960
- Volume :
- 9
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- World Journal of Clinical Cases
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....0ff7f9e5492503acfc0f4cc8f082e038