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High-Integrity Sequencing of Spike Gene for SARS-CoV-2 Variant Determination
- Source :
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences; Volume 23; Issue 6; Pages: 3257
- Publication Year :
- 2022
-
Abstract
- For tiling of the SARS-CoV-2 genome, the ARTIC Network provided a V4 protocol using 99 pairs of primers for amplicon production and is currently the widely used amplicon-based approach. However, this technique has regions of low sequence coverage and is labour-, time-, and cost-intensive. Moreover, it requires 14 pairs of primers in two separate PCRs to obtain spike gene sequences. To overcome these disadvantages, we proposed a single PCR to efficiently detect spike gene mutations. We proposed a bioinformatic protocol that can process FASTQ reads into spike gene consensus sequences to accurately call spike protein variants from sequenced samples or to fairly express the cases of missing amplicons. We evaluated the in silico detection rate of primer sets that yield amplicon sizes of 400, 1200, and 2500 bp for spike gene sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 to be 59.49, 76.19, and 92.20%, respectively. The in silico detection rate of our proposed single PCR primers was 97.07%. We demonstrated the robustness of our analytical protocol against 3000 Oxford Nanopore sequencing runs of distinct datasets, thus ensuring high-integrity sequencing of spike genes for variant SARS-CoV-2 determination. Our protocol works well with the data yielded from versatile primer designs, making it easy to determine spike protein variants.
- Subjects :
- SARS-CoV-2
variant
spike gene
nanopore sequencing
Organic Chemistry
COVID-19
Computational Biology
General Medicine
Genome, Viral
Genomics
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Catalysis
Computer Science Applications
Inorganic Chemistry
Mutation Rate
Mutation
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
Humans
Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
Molecular Biology
Spectroscopy
Phylogeny
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 14220067
- Volume :
- 23
- Issue :
- 6
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- International journal of molecular sciences
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....11575a89f6b879d2303930df394a7ece