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Microbiota-Orientated Treatments for Major Depression and Schizophrenia
- Source :
- Nutrients, Nutrients, MDPI, 2020, 12 (4), pp.1024. ⟨10.3390/nu12041024⟩, Nutrients, 2020, 12 (4), pp.1024. ⟨10.3390/nu12041024⟩, Nutrients, Vol 12, Iss 1024, p 1024 (2020)
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- HAL CCSD, 2020.
-
Abstract
- International audience; Background and significance. There is a need to develop new hypothesis-driven treatment for both both major depression (MD) and schizophrenia in which the risk of depression is 5 times higher than the general population. Major depression has been also associated with poor illness outcomes including pain, metabolic disturbances, and less adherence. Conventional antidepressants are partly effective, and 44% of the subjects remain unremitted under treatment. Improving MD treatment efficacy is thus needed to improve the SZ prognosis. Microbiota-orientated treatments are currently one of the most promising tracks. Method. This work is a systematic review synthetizing data of arguments to develop microbiota-orientated treatments (including fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT)) in major depression and schizophrenia. Results. The effectiveness of probiotic administration in MD constitutes a strong evidence for developing microbiota-orientated treatments. Probiotics have yielded medium-to-large significant effects on depressive symptoms, but it is still unclear if the effect is maintained following probiotic discontinuation. Several factors may limit MD improvement when using probiotics, including the small number of bacterial strains administered in probiotic complementary agents, as well as the presence of a disturbed gut microbiota that probably limits the probiotics' impact. FMT is a safe technique enabling to improve microbiota in several gut disorders. The benefit/risk ratio of FMT has been discussed and has been recently improved by capsule administration. Conclusion. Cleaning up the gut microbiota by transplanting a totally new human gut microbiota in one shot, which is referred to as FMT, is likely to strongly improve the efficacy of microbiota-orientated treatments in MD and schizophrenia and maintain the effect over time. This hypothesis should be tested in future clinical trials.
- Subjects :
- Male
Review
Gut flora
law.invention
Probiotic
0302 clinical medicine
law
[SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases
Depression (differential diagnoses)
education.field_of_study
[SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases
Nutrition and Dietetics
biology
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation
Middle Aged
psychiatry
3. Good health
Biological Therapy
Treatment Outcome
Schizophrenia
depression
[SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology
Female
lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply
Adult
medicine.medical_specialty
Population
lcsh:TX341-641
digestive system
Young Adult
03 medical and health sciences
[SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system
Internal medicine
medicine
microbiota
Humans
[SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology
education
Depressive Disorder, Major
business.industry
Probiotics
biology.organism_classification
medicine.disease
[SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology
030227 psychiatry
Discontinuation
Clinical trial
Transplantation
schizophrenia
business
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Food Science
transplantation
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 20726643
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Nutrients, Nutrients, MDPI, 2020, 12 (4), pp.1024. ⟨10.3390/nu12041024⟩, Nutrients, 2020, 12 (4), pp.1024. ⟨10.3390/nu12041024⟩, Nutrients, Vol 12, Iss 1024, p 1024 (2020)
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....120538a1f88d93273cf752c2b71dd017