Noise exposure and effects on hearing in Brazilian fishermen

BACKGROUND Several health conditions among professional fishermen have been reported. Among the risks to the health of fishermen, it should be noted that high noise levels cause hearing loss and general health problems. OBJECTIVE to investigate the effects of exposure to occupational noise on hearing in professional fishermen at the main large-scale commercial fishing center in Brazil. METHODS A cross-sectional study, 466 Brazilian commercial fishermen participated in the study, all males, ages range 18-67 years. A total of 15 vessels were included in the study. The first phase involved assessment of the sound pressure levels (SPLs) in the vessels, the second phase involved the use of a questionnaire and audiological assessment. RESULTS Most compartments registered SPLs greater than 80 dBA and the noisiest compartment was the engine-room, where the vessel pilot works. Among the fishermen, tinnitus was the most commonly reported symptom (48.63%). A higher prevalence of hearing loss was observed in engine-room keepers. Longer the length of time in service, and consequently, exposure to noise (in years), were associated with higher auditory thresholds. CONCLUSION the tolerance limits to noise exposure were exceeded according to legislation. Fishing activities are associated with noise-induced hearing loss, with the risk increasing with the length of service.