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The female Tourette patient: Sex differences in Tourette Disorder
- Source :
- Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews. 129:261-268
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Tourette Disorder (TD) is a male predominant neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by tics and frequent psychiatric comorbidities. Girls with TD have later peak symptoms, less remission with age, and worse impairment from tics, particularly in adulthood. Female TD patients are less likely to have Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and more likely to have anxiety and mood disorders. Hyperandrogenism is associated with TD in both sexes, and neuroanatomic sexual dimorphism is reduced in adult TD patients. Some women report catamenial tics, which may relate to estrogen withdrawal or rises in allopregnanolone. Limited data suggest that several neuroanatomic alterations present in boys with TD are not present in girls with TD. Female sex predicts better response to haloperidol. Further research into female tic pathophysiology may influence sex-specific treatment development.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Male
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Pediatrics
medicine.medical_specialty
Neuroactive steroid
Tics
Cognitive Neuroscience
Behavioral Neuroscience
Neurodevelopmental disorder
mental disorders
medicine
Haloperidol
Humans
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Sex Characteristics
business.industry
Hyperandrogenism
medicine.disease
Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology
Mood disorders
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
Tic Disorders
Anxiety
Female
medicine.symptom
business
Tourette Syndrome
medicine.drug
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 01497634
- Volume :
- 129
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....14600aaca4a53662a4f0450325e2729e