Orthodontic-Orthopedic-Surgical Treatment of Syndromic Third Class

The management of patients suffering from class III due to syndromic craniosynostosis requires a multidisciplinary team to prevent and correct the complex clinical features related to the syndrome. Among the main clinical features, the midface hypoplasia requires surgical advancement with a rigid external distraction device. The comparison of pre- and postdistraction lateral cephalometries is often difficult in these patients, because the craniofacial advancement mobilizes the landmarks routinely used in cephalometry. Aim of this study is to evaluate occlusal, maxillary, and facial changes obtained after the midface osteodistraction using as reference the PM plane, that does not undergo postsurgical spatial modifications.The before and after surgery lateral X-rays of 12 patients were compared to test the cephalometric protocol: 10 angles and 11 linear distances were evaluated.The cephalometric comparison before and after osteodistractions of syndromic class III, using as reference the Enlow's PM plane, has confirmed the data present in current literature, consisting in forward and downward movements of facial middle 3rd, with clockwise rotation of the splanchnocranium and increase of the facial heights. The use of the PM plane as reference could be the solution to problems that have been an obstacle for the study of occlusal and facial changes in patients affected by craniofacial dysostosis.