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Review: advances in in situ and satellite phenological observations in Japan
- Source :
- International Journal of Biometeorology
- Publication Year :
- 2015
- Publisher :
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2015.
-
Abstract
- To accurately evaluate the responses of spatial and temporal variation of ecosystem functioning (evapotranspiration and photosynthesis) and services (regulating and cultural services) to the rapid changes caused by global warming, we depend on long-term, continuous, near-surface, and satellite remote sensing of phenology over wide areas. Here, we review such phenological studies in Japan and discuss our current knowledge, problems, and future developments. In contrast with North America and Europe, Japan has been able to evaluate plant phenology along vertical and horizontal gradients within a narrow area because of the country’s high topographic relief. Phenological observation networks that support scientific studies and outreach activities have used near-surface tools such as digital cameras and spectral radiometers. Differences in phenology among ecosystems and tree species have been detected by analyzing the seasonal variation of red, green, and blue digital numbers (RGB values) extracted from phenological images, as well as spectral reflectance and vegetation indices. The relationships between seasonal variations in RGB-derived indices or spectral characteristics and the ecological and CO2 flux measurement data have been well validated. In contrast, insufficient satellite remote-sensing observations have been conducted because of the coarse spatial resolution of previous datasets, which could not detect the heterogeneous plant phenology that results from Japan’s complex topography and vegetation. To improve Japanese phenological observations, multidisciplinary analysis and evaluation will be needed to link traditional phenological observations with “index trees,” near-surface and satellite remote-sensing observations, “citizen science” (observations by citizens), and results published on the Internet.
- Subjects :
- Satellite Imagery
0106 biological sciences
Atmospheric Science
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Plant Development
Global Warming
010603 evolutionary biology
01 natural sciences
Phenological observation network
Trees
Japan
Evapotranspiration
Photography
medicine
Satellite imagery
Ecosystem
Radiometry
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Remote sensing
Review Paper
Ecology
Phenology
Global warming
Vegetation
Seasonality
medicine.disease
Climatology
Environmental science
Satellite
Seasons
Biometeorology
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 14321254 and 00207128
- Volume :
- 60
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- International Journal of Biometeorology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....1558f7f20a8ee2ef554bb7390b00d4d9