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ACE2 and TMPRSS2 Potential Involvement in Genetic Susceptibility to SARS-COV-2 in Cancer Patients
- Source :
- Cell Transplantation, Vol 29 (2020), Cell Transplantation
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- SAGE Publishing, 2020.
-
Abstract
- Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a global pandemic. One open question is whether genetics could influence the severity of symptoms. Considering the limited data on cancer patients, we analyzed public data repositories limited to investigate angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and the transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) expressions and genetic variants to identify the basis of individual susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2. Gene expression and variant data were retrieved from Tissue Cancer Genome Atlas, Genotype-Tissue Expression, and gnomAD. Differences in gene expression were tested with Mann-Whitney U-test. Allele frequencies of germline variants were explored in different ethnicities, with a special focus on ACE2 variants located in the binding site to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. The analysis of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expressions in healthy tissues showed a higher expression in the age class 20 to 59 years (false discovery rate [FDR] < 0.0001) regardless of gender. ACE2 and TMPRSS2 were more expressed in tumors from males than females (both FDR < 0.0001) and, opposite to the regulation in tissues from healthy individuals, more expressed in elderly patients (FDR = 0.005; FDR < 0.0001, respectively). ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expressions were higher in cancers of elderly patients compared with healthy individuals (FDR < 0.0001). Variants were present at low frequency (range 0% to 3%) and among those with the highest frequency, the variant S19P belongs to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binding site and it was exclusively present in Africans with a frequency of 0.2%. The mechanisms of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 regulation could be targeted for preventive and therapeutic purposes in the whole population and especially in cancer patients. Further studies are needed to show a direct correlation of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expressions in cancer patients and the incidence of COVID-19.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Male
ACE2
lcsh:Medicine
Germline
0302 clinical medicine
Gene Frequency
Neoplasms
Databases, Genetic
Young adult
African Continental Ancestry Group
education.field_of_study
Incidence
Serine Endopeptidases
Middle Aged
Serine Endopeptidase
Special Collection on Cell Transplantation and COVID-19
030220 oncology & carcinogenesis
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
Original Article
Female
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2
Coronavirus Infections
Case-Control Studie
Human
Adult
Population
Pneumonia, Viral
Biomedical Engineering
Black People
Biology
Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
TMPRSS2
03 medical and health sciences
Betacoronavirus
Young Adult
Genetic variation
Genetic predisposition
Humans
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
education
Allele frequency
Pandemics
Transplantation
Binding Sites
Betacoronaviru
Pandemic
SARS-CoV-2
Coronavirus Infection
individual susceptibility
lcsh:R
Case-control study
Binding Site
COVID-19
Genetic Variation
Cell Biology
030104 developmental biology
Case-Control Studies
Immunology
Neoplasm
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronaviru
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 15553892
- Volume :
- 29
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Cell Transplantation
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....17c4f28abd1c170c1c433c4b1802d04d