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Auditory repetition suppression alterations in relation to cognitive functioning in fragile X syndrome: a combined EEG and machine learning approach
- Source :
- Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2018), Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Publication Year :
- 2018
- Publisher :
- BMC, 2018.
-
Abstract
- Background Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a neurodevelopmental genetic disorder causing cognitive and behavioural deficits. Repetition suppression (RS), a learning phenomenon in which stimulus repetitions result in diminished brain activity, has been found to be impaired in FXS. Alterations in RS have been associated with behavioural problems in FXS; however, relations between RS and intellectual functioning have not yet been elucidated. Methods EEG was recorded in 14 FXS participants and 25 neurotypical controls during an auditory habituation paradigm using repeatedly presented pseudowords. Non-phased locked signal energy was compared across presentations and between groups using linear mixed models (LMMs) in order to investigate RS effects across repetitions and brain areas and a possible relation to non-verbal IQ (NVIQ) in FXS. In addition, we explored group differences according to NVIQ and we probed the feasibility of training a support vector machine to predict cognitive functioning levels across FXS participants based on single-trial RS features. Results LMM analyses showed that repetition effects differ between groups (FXS vs. controls) as well as with respect to NVIQ in FXS. When exploring group differences in RS patterns, we found that neurotypical controls revealed the expected pattern of RS between the first and second presentations of a pseudoword. More importantly, while FXS participants in the ≤ 42 NVIQ group showed no RS, the > 42 NVIQ group showed a delayed RS response after several presentations. Concordantly, single-trial estimates of repetition effects over the first four repetitions provided the highest decoding accuracies in the classification between the FXS participant groups. Conclusion Electrophysiological measures of repetition effects provide a non-invasive and unbiased measure of brain responses sensitive to cognitive functioning levels, which may be useful for clinical trials in FXS. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s11689-018-9223-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
- Subjects :
- Male
0301 basic medicine
Intelligence
Intellectual disability
Audiology
Electroencephalography
Cognition
0302 clinical medicine
Borderline intellectual functioning
EEG
Habituation
Child
Intelligence Tests
medicine.diagnostic_test
Neuropsychology
Brain
Adaptation, Physiological
Fragile X syndrome
Auditory Perception
Evoked Potentials, Auditory
Female
Psychology
Neurotypical
Adult
medicine.medical_specialty
congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities
Adolescent
Cognitive Neuroscience
Pathology and Forensic Medicine
lcsh:RC321-571
Young Adult
03 medical and health sciences
Repetition suppression
Machine learning
medicine
Humans
lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
Research
medicine.disease
030104 developmental biology
Acoustic Stimulation
IQ
Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Neurology (clinical)
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 18661955 and 18661947
- Volume :
- 10
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....18c7457342307f835b7b8e07c8a9bb28
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s11689-018-9223-3