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Effect of lockdown on wastewater characteristics: a comparison of two large urban areas
- Source :
- Water Science and Technology, Water Science and Technology, IWA Publishing, 2020, 82 (12), pp.2813-2822. ⟨10.2166/wst.2020.520⟩
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- IWA Publishing, 2020.
-
Abstract
- The effect of the lockdown imposed to limit the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in France between March 14 and May 11, 2020 on the wastewater characteristics of two large urban areas (with between 250,000 and 300,000 inhabitants) was studied. The number of outward and inward daily commuters was extracted from national census databases related to the population and their commuting habits. For urban area A, with the larger number of daily inward commuters (110,000, compared to 53,000 for B), lockdown was observed to have an effect on the monthly load averages of chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, total suspended solids and total phosphorus, all of which decreased (confidence level of 95%). This decrease, which varied between 20% and 40% and reached 45% for COD, can be related to the cessation of catering and activities such as hairdressing, which generate large amounts of graywater. The ammonium loads, due to the use of toilets before leaving for work and after returning from work, remained constant. In the case of urban area B, lockdown had no noticeable effect. More data would be necessary in the long term to analyze the effect of changes in the balance between ammonia and carbon sources on the operation of wastewater treatment plants.
- Subjects :
- Biochemical oxygen demand
Environmental Engineering
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences
Nitrogen
Population
Wastewater-based epidemiology
Wastewater
010501 environmental sciences
Urban area
Greywater
Waste Disposal, Fluid
01 natural sciences
Toxicology
Humans
[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering
education
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Water Science and Technology
Total suspended solids
Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis
geography
education.field_of_study
geography.geographical_feature_category
Commuting
SARS-CoV-2
Chemical oxygen demand
COVID-19
Phosphorus
Ammonium load
[SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society
6. Clean water
Environmental science
France
Confinement
Waste disposal
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 19969732 and 02731223
- Volume :
- 82
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Water Science and Technology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....18d2fa4bcf48b8093bb08b45fe2a7357