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Evaluating Health Co-Benefits of Climate Change Mitigation in Urban Mobility
- Source :
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health; Volume 15; Issue 5; Pages: 880
- Publication Year :
- 2018
- Publisher :
- MDPI, 2018.
-
Abstract
- There is growing recognition that implementation of low-carbon policies in urban passenger transport has near-term health co-benefits through increased physical activity and improved air quality. Nevertheless, co-benefits and related cost reductions are often not taken into account in decision processes, likely because they are not easy to capture. In an interdisciplinary multi-model approach we address this gap, investigating the co-benefits resulting from increased physical activity and improved air quality due to climate mitigation policies for three urban areas. Additionally we take a (macro-)economic perspective, since that is the ultimate interest of policy-makers. Methodologically, we link a transport modelling tool, a transport emission model, an emission dispersion model, a health model and a macroeconomic Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model to analyze three climate change mitigation scenarios. We show that higher levels of physical exercise and reduced exposure to pollutants due to mitigation measures substantially decrease morbidity and mortality. Expenditures are mainly born by the public sector but are mostly offset by the emerging co-benefits. Our macroeconomic results indicate a strong positive welfare effect, yet with slightly negative GDP and employment effects. We conclude that considering economic co-benefits of climate change mitigation policies in urban mobility can be put forward as a forceful argument for policy makers to take action.
- Subjects :
- Computable general equilibrium
urban mobility
health co-benefits
physical activity
air pollution
climate change mitigation
interdisciplinary approach
Natural resource economics
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Climate Change
Cost-Benefit Analysis
Climate change
Transportation
Health Promotion
010501 environmental sciences
01 natural sciences
Article
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Economics
Humans
030212 general & internal medicine
Exercise
Health policy
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Vehicle Emissions
Air Pollutants
Cost–benefit analysis
business.industry
Health Policy
Public sector
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Urban Health
Environmental Exposure
Models, Theoretical
Transport economics
Environmental Policy
Climate change mitigation scenarios
Climate change mitigation
Austria
business
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 16604601 and 16617827
- Volume :
- 15
- Issue :
- 5
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....19eeb441734c2a68e84cfa81b01983f7