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Potential False-Positive and False-Negative Results for COVID-19 IgG/IgM Antibody Testing After Heat-Inactivation
- Source :
- Frontiers in Medicine, Frontiers in Medicine, Vol 7 (2021)
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Frontiers Media S.A., 2021.
-
Abstract
- Objectives: With the worldwide spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), various antibody detection kits have been developed to test for SARS-CoV-2– specific IgG, IgM, and total antibody. However, the use of different testing methods under various heat-inactivation conditions might affect the COVID-19 detection results.Methods: Seven different antibody detection kits produced by four manufacturers for detection of SARS-CoV-2 IgG, IgM, and total antibody were tested at Wuhan Huoshenshan Hospital, China. Most of the kits used the indirect immunity, capture, and double-antigen sandwich methods. The effects of various heat-inactivation conditions on SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG, IgM, and total antibody detection were analyzed for the different test methods.Results: Using the indirect immunity method, values for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody significantly increased and those for IgM antibody decreased with increasing temperature of heat-inactivation using indirect immunity method. However, values for SARS-CoV-2 IgM and total antibody showed no change when the capture and double-antigen sandwich methods were used. The changes in IgG and IgM antibody values with the indirect immunity method indicated that heat-inactivation could affect COVID-19 detection results obtained using this method. In particular, 18 (22.2%) SARS-CoV-2 IgM positive samples were detected as negative with heat-inactivation at 65°C for 30 min, and one (25%) IgG negative sample was detected as positive after heat-inactivation at 56°C for 60 min and 60°C for 30 min.Conclusions: Heat-inactivation could increase SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody values, and decrease IgM antibody values, causing potential false-positive or false-negative results for COVID-19 antibody detection using the indirect immunity method. Thus, before conducting antibody testing, the testing platforms should be evaluated in accordance with the relevant requirements to ensure accurate COVID-19 detection results.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Igm antibody
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
Negative sample
indirect immunity method
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Immunity
IgG and IgM antibody
Medicine
030212 general & internal medicine
Original Research
lcsh:R5-920
biology
business.industry
SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19
Specific igg
General Medicine
Heat inactivation
030104 developmental biology
Immunology
biology.protein
Antibody
heat-inactivation
business
lcsh:Medicine (General)
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2296858X
- Volume :
- 7
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Frontiers in Medicine
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....1b3933790a7fa536af0b53427c77249b