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The use of exhaled air analysis in discriminating interstitial lung diseases: a pilot study
- Source :
- Respiratory Research, 23(1):12. BioMed Central Ltd, Respiratory Research, Vol 23, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2022), Respiratory Research
- Publication Year :
- 2022
- Publisher :
- BioMed Central Ltd, 2022.
-
Abstract
- Background Fibrotic Interstitial lung diseases (ILD) are a heterogeneous group of chronic lung diseases characterized by diverse degrees of lung inflammation and remodeling. They include idiopathic ILD such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and ILD secondary to chronic inflammatory diseases such as connective tissue disease (CTD). Precise differential diagnosis of ILD is critical since anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drugs, which are beneficial in inflammatory ILD, are detrimental in IPF. However, differential diagnosis of ILD is still difficult and often requires an invasive lung biopsy. The primary aim of this study is to identify volatile organic compounds (VOCs) patterns in exhaled air to non-invasively discriminate IPF and CTD-ILD. As secondary aim, the association between the IPF and CTD-ILD discriminating VOC patterns and functional impairment is investigated. Methods Fifty-three IPF patients, 53 CTD-ILD patients and 51 controls donated exhaled air, which was analyzed for its VOC content using gas chromatograph- time of flight- mass spectrometry. Results By applying multivariate analysis, a discriminative profile of 34 VOCs was observed to discriminate between IPF patients and healthy controls whereas 11 VOCs were able to distinguish between CTD-ILD patients and healthy controls. The separation between IPF and CTD-ILD could be made using 16 discriminating VOCs, that also displayed a significant correlation with total lung capacity and the 6 min’ walk distance. Conclusions This study reports for the first time that specific VOC profiles can be found to differentiate IPF and CTD-ILD from both healthy controls and each other. Moreover, an ILD-specific VOC profile was strongly correlated with functional parameters. Future research applying larger cohorts of patients suffering from a larger variety of ILDs should confirm the potential use of breathomics to facilitate fast, non-invasive and proper differential diagnosis of specific ILDs in the future as first step towards personalized medicine for these complex diseases.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Male
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)
Vital Capacity
Pilot Projects
VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS
AMERICAN-COLLEGE
behavioral disciplines and activities
Diagnosis, Differential
Diseases of the respiratory system
RHEUMATOLOGY/EUROPEAN LEAGUE
Humans
CLASSIFICATION CRITERIA
Prospective Studies
OXIDATIVE STRESS
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
RC705-779
Gas chromatography-time of flight-mass spectrometry (GC-tof-MS)
Air
Research
SENSITIVE AMINE OXIDASE
Middle Aged
respiratory system
Diagnostic profiles
LIPID-PEROXIDATION
respiratory tract diseases
body regions
Breath Tests
Gas chromatography–time of flight–mass spectrometry (GC-tof–MS)
Exhalation
Female
IDIOPATHIC PULMONARY-FIBROSIS
Connective tissue disease associated-ILD (CTD-ILD)
Lung Diseases, Interstitial
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Volatile organic compound (VOC)
HYDROCARBON BREATH TEST
6-MINUTE WALK
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1465993X and 14659921
- Volume :
- 23
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Respiratory Research
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....1c09d350b46ea4f66c771121f20812f1