Controlled shape-morphing metallic components for deployable structures

Transformational advances in additive manufacturing combined with the unique functional behavior of shape memory alloys (SMAs) has propelled the field of 4D printing “smart” materials. In this study, we leverage multiple processing pathways with additive manufacturing to design and fabricate SMA components capable of precise, self-guided shape change that could actuate large-scale (up to 25 × 25 × 33 cm3) structures under external thermal stimuli. The dual benefits of minor alloy doping (