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Do Cryptic Species Exist in Hoplobatrachus rugulosus? An Examination Using Four Nuclear Genes, the Cyt b Gene and the Complete MT Genome
- Source :
- PLoS ONE, PLoS ONE, Vol 10, Iss 4, p e0124825 (2015)
- Publication Year :
- 2015
- Publisher :
- Public Library of Science, 2015.
-
Abstract
- he Chinese tiger frog Hoplobatrachus rugulosus is widely distributed in southern China, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam. It is listed in Appendix II of CITES as the only Class II nationally-protected frog in China. The bred tiger frog known as the Thailand tiger frog, is also identified as H. rugulosus. Our analysis of the Cyt b gene showed high genetic divergence (13.8%) between wild and bred samples of tiger frog. Unexpected genetic divergence of the complete mt genome (14.0%) was also observed between wild and bred samples of tiger frog. Yet, the nuclear genes (NCX1, Rag1, Rhod, Tyr) showed little divergence between them. Despite this and their very similar morphology, the features of the mitochondrial genome including genetic divergence of other genes, different three-dimensional structures of ND5 proteins, and gene rearrangements indicate that H. rugulosus may be a cryptic species complex. Using Bayesian inference, maximum likelihood, and maximum parsimony analyses, Hoplobatrachus was resolved as a sister clade to Euphlyctis, and H. rugulosus (BT) as a sister clade to H. rugulosus (WT). We suggest that we should prevent Thailand tiger frogs (bred type) from escaping into wild environments lest they produce hybrids with Chinese tiger frogs (wild type).
- Subjects :
- Mitochondrial DNA
Species complex
Nuclear gene
Ranidae
lcsh:Medicine
Zoology
DNA, Mitochondrial
Evolution, Molecular
Euphlyctis
Hoplobatrachus
Animals
lcsh:Science
Phylogeny
Gene Rearrangement
Multidisciplinary
biology
Cytochrome b
Tiger
lcsh:R
fungi
Genetic Drift
Nuclear Proteins
Bayes Theorem
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Cytochromes b
biology.organism_classification
R1
Genetic divergence
Genome, Mitochondrial
lcsh:Q
sense organs
Research Article
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 19326203
- Volume :
- 10
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PLoS ONE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....1d8a3d921eb7c34a9f3c3a69dc686eef