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Prognostic significance of high mobility group A2 (HMGA2) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: malignant functions of cytoplasmic HMGA2 expression
- Source :
- Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Purpose HMGA2 has frequently been found in benign as well as malignant tumors and a significant association between HMGA2 overexpression and poor survival in different malignancies was described. In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), nuclear HMGA2 expression is associated with tumor dedifferentiation and presence of lymph node metastasis. Nevertheless, the impact of HMGA2 occurrence in other cell compartments is unknown. Methods Intracellular distribution of HMGA2 was analyzed in PDAC (n = 106) and peritumoral, non-malignant ducts (n = 28) by immunohistochemistry. Findings were correlated with clinico-pathological data. Additionally, intracellular HMGA2 presence was studied by Western blotting of cytoplasmic and nuclear fractions of cultured cells. Results HMGA2 was found in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus of cultured cells. In human tumor tissue, HMGA2 was also frequently found in the cytoplasm and the nucleus of tumor cells, however, nuclear staining was generally stronger. Direct comparison from tumor tissue with corresponding non-neoplastic peritumoral tissue revealed significantly stronger expression in tumors (p = 0.003). Of note, the nuclear staining was significantly stronger in lymph node metastatic cell nuclei compared to primary tumor cell nuclei (p = 0.049). Interestingly, cytoplasmic staining positively correlated with lymph vessel (p = 0.004) and venous invasion (p = 0.046). Conclusion HMGA2 is a prognostic marker in PDAC. Firstly, we found a positive correlation for cytoplasmic HMGA2 expression with lympho-vascular invasion and, secondly, we found a significantly stronger nuclear expression of HMGA2 in cancer-positive lymph node nuclei compared to primary tumor cell nuclei. So far, the role of cytoplasmic HMGA2 is nearly unknown, however, our data lend support to the hypothesis that cytoplasmic HMGA2 expression is involved in nodal spread.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Male
Cancer Research
Cytoplasm
HMGA2
Cell
Biology
Nucleus
03 medical and health sciences
Immunohistology
0302 clinical medicine
Pancreatic cancer
Cell Line, Tumor
medicine
Humans
Lymph node
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Cell Nucleus
HMGA2 Protein
General Medicine
Middle Aged
medicine.disease
Prognosis
HCT116 Cells
Primary tumor
Pancreatic Neoplasms
030104 developmental biology
medicine.anatomical_structure
Oncology
030220 oncology & carcinogenesis
Colonic Neoplasms
Cancer research
biology.protein
Immunohistochemistry
Female
Lymph
Original Article – Cancer Research
Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 14321335 and 01715216
- Volume :
- 147
- Issue :
- 11
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....1d8fd2f698509d4eb7f5f57844fb0994