Binary signal transmission in nonlinear sensors: Stochastic resonance and human hand balance

Many sensors exhibit nonlinear characteristics [1]–[5] and are deployed in noisy environments [1]–[7]. In terms of device design and forming standards, this is a challenging area. However, it also presents opportunities for non-conventional signal processing methods based on stochastic resonance that have been shown to be of benefit for individual nonlinear sensors [1]–[7], sensor arrays [3]–[10], sensor networks [3], [8], [11], and even portable devices for people with reduced sensory capacity [12]–[14]. The most fascinating property of stochastic resonance is that nonlinear sensors connected in parallel or in a network yield improved performance over that achieved by using individual sensors [1]–[10]. Studies in stochastic resonance have led to evidence of noise-enhanced signal transmission and processing in nonlinear sensors, and noise can be exploited in the design of engineered devices [2]–[7], [10] and biological systems [1], [11]–[13]. This paper studies noise-enhanced signal transmission and processing in nonlinear sensors and also exploits the positive role of noise in the design of engineered devices that enhance the sensitivity of hand movements.