Increased circulating levels of musclin in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients

Background: Musclin is a newly identified skeletal muscle–derived secretory factor, which has been recently characterized as a stimulator that induces insulin resistance in mice. However, the pathophysiological role of musclin in humans remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to explore the potential correlations between musclin plasma levels and various metabolic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods: In this hospital-based study, plasma samples were collected from the enrolled individuals, including 38 newly diagnosed, treatment-naive type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and 41 age- and gender-matched control subjects. Plasma musclin levels were examined by radioimmunoassay. Results: Compared with the control group, musclin plasma levels were significantly higher in untreated type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Musclin levels in the plasma of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients were positively correlated with fasting plasma glucose, haemoglobin A1c, serum insulin, triglycerides and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance. Furthermore, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the level of musclin was associated with the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis yielded an area under the curve for musclin of 0.718 in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: The circulating concentration of musclin was significantly increased in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Our results suggest that musclin has a strong relationship with insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus.