Back to Search
Start Over
Increased response to cadmium and Bacillus thuringiensis maize toxicity in the snail Helix aspersa infected by the nematode Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita
- Source :
- Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Wiley, 2007, 26 (1), pp.73-9
- Publication Year :
- 2007
- Publisher :
- HAL CCSD, 2007.
-
Abstract
- International audience; To determine the effect of nematode infection on the response of snails to selected toxins, we infected Helix aspersa with 0-, 0.25-, 1-, or 4-fold the recommended field dose of a commercial nematode application for agricultural use. In the first experiment, the snails also were exposed to cadmium via food and soil at concentrations of 0, 30, 60, 120, or 240 mg/kg in a full-factorial design. In the second experiment, snails were infected with nematodes and also fed either Bt (expressing Bacillus thuringiensis toxin) maize or non-Bt maize. The snails were weighed at the beginning and end (after four weeks) of the experiments, and mortality was checked daily. Neither exposure of snails to nematodes nor exposure of snails to cadmium or Bt toxin affected the survival rates of snails. The number of dead snails was highest for combinations of nematode treatments with cadmium concentrations of 120 and 240 mg/kg. In both experiments (Bt and cadmium), the growth rate decreased with increasing nematode dose. The Bt maize was not harmful to the snails in the absence of nematodes, but infected snails grew faster when fed non-Bt maize. The growth rate of snails exposed to cadmium decreased with exposure to increasing Cd concentrations and differed significantly between the no-nematode treatment and the treatments with nematode doses of one- and fourfold the recommended field dose. Snails treated with the highest dose of nematodes accumulated the highest cadmium concentrations.
- Subjects :
- MESH : Zea mays
Nematoda
MESH: Zea mays
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Bacillus thuringiensis
MESH: Cadmium
chemistry.chemical_element
[ SDV.TOX.ECO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology
Snail
Biology
MESH: Nematoda
Zea mays
Helix (Snails)
Animal science
biology.animal
MESH: Helix (Snails)
parasitic diseases
medicine
Environmental Chemistry
Animals
MESH: Animals
MESH : Nematoda
MESH : Cadmium
Cadmium
MESH: Bacillus thuringiensis
Helix (gastropod)
Helix, Snails
fungi
medicine.disease
biology.organism_classification
Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita
Nematode
Nematode infection
Agronomy
chemistry
MESH : Bacillus thuringiensis
Toxicity
MESH : Helix (Snails)
MESH : Animals
[SDV.TOX.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 07307268 and 15528618
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Wiley, 2007, 26 (1), pp.73-9
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....1fe64e0d7c4e5b636c6366a6a5efbc95