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Association between socio-environmental factors, coverage by family health teams, and rainfall in the spatial distribution of Zika virus infection in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 2015 and 2016
- Source :
- BMC Public Health, BMC Public Health, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Background Zika virus (ZIKV) infection caused outbreak in Brazil, in 2015 and 2016. Disorganized urban growth, facilitates the concentration of numerous susceptible and infected individuals. It is useful to understand the mechanisms that can favor the increase in ZIKV incidence, such as areas with wide socioeconomic and environmental diversity. Therefore, the study analyzed the spatial distribution of ZIKV in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 2015 and 2016, and associations between the incidence per 1000 inhabitants and socio-environmental factors. Methods The census tracts were used as the analytical units reported ZIKV cases among the city’s inhabitants. Local Empirical Bayesian method was used to control the incidence rates’ instability effect. The spatial autocorrelation was verified with Moran’s Index and local indicators of spatial association (LISA). Spearman correlation matrix was used to indicate possible collinearity. The Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), Spatial Lag Model (SAR), and Spatial Error Model (CAR) were used to analyze the relationship between ZIKV and socio-environmental factors. Results The SAR model exhibited the best parameters: R2 = 0.44, Log-likelihood = − 7482, Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) = 14,980. In this model, mean income between 1 and 2 minimum wages was possible risk factors for Zika occurrence in the localities. Household conditions related to adequate water supply and the existence of public sewage disposal were associated with lower ZIKV cumulative incidence, suggesting possible protective factors against the occurrence of ZIKV in the localities. The presence of the Family Health Strategy in the census tracts was positively associated with the ZIKV cumulative incidence. However, the results show that mean income less than 1 minimum wage were negatively associated with higher ZIKV cumulative incidence. Conclusion The results demonstrate the importance of socio-environmental variables in the dynamics of ZIKV transmission and the relevance for the development of control strategies.
- Subjects :
- medicine.medical_specialty
Socio-environmental
Zika virus
law.invention
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
law
Humans
Medicine
Cumulative incidence
Theoretical model
030212 general & internal medicine
Cities
Socioeconomic status
Family Health
Arbovirus
030505 public health
biology
Zika Virus Infection
business.industry
Public health
Incidence (epidemiology)
Spatial analysis
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Outbreak
Bayes Theorem
Zika Virus
biology.organism_classification
Transmission (mechanics)
Public aspects of medicine
RA1-1270
Biostatistics
0305 other medical science
business
Brazil
Research Article
Demography
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 14712458
- Volume :
- 21
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- BMC Public Health
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....20d810a99933e2b2b8516b3233320005