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Spirulina platensis, Punica granatum peel, and moringa leaves extracts in cosmetic formulations: an integrated approach of in vitro biological activities and acceptability studies
- Source :
- Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 28:8802-8811
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2020.
-
Abstract
- The selection of suitable natural raw materials in the cosmetic research and development is a key point, in order not only to obtain the expected results but also to avoid undesirable side effects. In this study, spirulina platensis, pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel, and moringa leaves alone were evaluated for anti-oxidant and antimicrobial properties. The chemical composition (moisture, dry matter, protein, lipid, and ash) and total polyphenols, flavonoids, and carotenoids content were evaluated in the three extracts. Total antioxidant capacity and ferric reducing activity power of extracts were also studied. Using agar diffusion method, the anti-Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella typhimurium, and Enterococus faecalis activities were measured. Interestingly, after combinations, pomegranate peel/spirulina (A), and moringa/spirulina (B): 25%/75% and 50%/50%, we have found that pomegranate peel can be incorporated into cosmetic formulations as an excellent preservative due to its exceptionally amount of phenolic compounds, powerful antioxidant activity, and its antibacterial activity against pathogenic strains.
- Subjects :
- Spirulina (genus)
Preservative
biology
Plant Extracts
Chemistry
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
General Medicine
010501 environmental sciences
biology.organism_classification
Antimicrobial
01 natural sciences
Pollution
Pomegranate
Plant Leaves
Moringa
Polyphenol
Punica
Escherichia coli
Spirulina
Environmental Chemistry
Food science
Agar diffusion test
Antibacterial activity
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 16147499 and 09441344
- Volume :
- 28
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Environmental Science and Pollution Research
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....2177d94eb853273b51095e35d937c372