PRIME

INTRODUCTION: The ability to maintain functional independence in a rapidly aging population results in an increased life expectancy without corresponding increases in health care costs. The accelerated decline in VO(2peak) after the age of 65 is primarily due to peripheral tissue changes rather than centrally mediated factors. The purpose of this study was to determine if the PRIME (Peripheral Remodeling through Intermittent Muscular Exercise) approach, consisting of a low mass, high repetition/duration skeletal muscle focused training regimen would provide superior functional benefits in participants above 70 years old and at risk for losing functional independence. METHODS: In this clinical trial, 107 participants were randomized to four weeks of either standard aerobic exercise training (AT) or PRIME [Phase 1]. This was followed by eight weeks of a progressive whole-body aerobic and resistance training (AT+RT) for all participants [Phase 2]. The major outcome measures were cardiorespiratory fitness (peak oxygen consumption-VO(2peak)), muscular fitness (1 repetition maximal strength -1RM) and physical function (Senior Fitness Test scores-SFT). Results were analyzed under a pro-protocol criterion. RESULTS: Thirty-eight PRIME and 38 AT participants completed the 3-month protocols. VO(2peak), 1RM, and SFT scores all increased significantly after 12 weeks for both treatment groups (p