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Immune mechanisms in arterial hypertension. Recent advances
- Source :
- Cell and Tissue Research
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Increasing evidence indicates that hypertension and hypertensive end-organ damage are not only mediated by hemodynamic injury. Inflammation also plays an important role in the pathophysiology and contributes to the deleterious consequences of this disease. Cells of the innate immune system including monocyte/macrophages and dendritic cells can promote blood pressure elevation via effects mostly on kidney and vascular function. Moreover, convincing evidence shows that T and B cells from the adaptive immune system are involved in hypertension and hypertensive end-organ damage. Skin monocyte/macrophages, regulatory T cells, natural killer T cells, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells have been shown to exert blood pressure controlling effects. Sodium intake is undoubtedly indispensable for normal body function but can be detrimental when taken in excess of dietary requirements. Sodium levels also modulate the function of monocyte/macrophages, dendritic cells, and different T cell subsets. Some of these effects are mediated by changes in the microbiome and metabolome that can be found after high salt intake. Modulation of the immune response can reduce severity of blood pressure elevation and hypertensive end-organ damage in several animal models. The purpose of this review is to briefly summarize recent advances in immunity and hypertension as well as hypertensive end-organ damage.
- Subjects :
- Arterial hypertension
0301 basic medicine
Histology
End organ damage
T cell
Complement
Inflammation
Review
030204 cardiovascular system & hematology
Pathology and Forensic Medicine
End-organ damage
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Immune system
medicine
Animals
Humans
Innate immune system
business.industry
Monocyte
Immunity
Cell Biology
medicine.disease
Natural killer T cell
Acquired immune system
030104 developmental biology
medicine.anatomical_structure
Hypertension
Immunology
medicine.symptom
business
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 14320878 and 0302766X
- Volume :
- 385
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Cell and Tissue Research
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....2387b75e5501c9c5388b762b7915e85d