A Frequency-Reconfigurable Series-Fed Microstrip Patch Array with Interconnecting CRLH Transmission Lines

This letter presents the design of a frequency-reconfigurable series-fed microstrip patch array in which the elements are interconnected with composite right/left-handed transmission lines (CRLH-TLs). Reconfigurable CRLH-TLs are used instead of meandered microstrip lines to reduce the overall size of the array and provide two different zero-phase frequencies of operation for broadside radiation in both instances. p-i-n diodes were used to reconfigure the array by changing the electrical lengths of the patches and microstrip sections of the CRLH-TLs. The measurements were taken in an anechoic chamber to verify the simulation results. The array can be reconfigured to operate at 1.97 and 2.37 GHz.