Atitude de estudantes e professores de medicina: centrada no médico ou no paciente?

Introduction: Patient-centered care has been associated with positive results in medical practice. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the attitudes of students and teachers from a Brazilian medical school regarding the physician-patient relationship and verify associated factors. Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study carried out in a public university, using the PPOS “Patient-Practitioner Orientation Scale” as well as a sociodemographic questionnaire. The subjects were regularly enrolled students attending the second semester of 2015 and their teachers. Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to examine the effect of sociodemographic variables and the interaction with the scores found for students and teachers. Results: A total of 212 students were surveyed, corresponding to 57.1% of the enrolled students in the medical course. The value of the total PPOS score found for the students was 4.35 (± 0.5 SD), and the mean total score of PPOS among female students (4.43) was significantly higher than that in males (4.23) (p < 0.001), indicating more patient-centered attitudes in that group. Regarding medical teachers, 77 (56%) participated. The total score of PPOS was 4.52 (± 0.5 SD), with a more patient-centered attitude among teachers in comparison to students (4.35) (p = 0.001). However, there is a clear need for progress in both groups. Conclusion: The analysis of the students’ and teachers’ attitudes about the physician-patient relationship disclosed an unknown scenario, with more patient-centered attitudes verified among teachers despite the need for improvements by both. Further research is needed to evaluate not only the attitude but the behavior of these subjects. Resumo: Introdução: O cuidado centrado no paciente tem sido associado a resultados positivos. Objetivo: o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar atitudes de estudantes e professores de uma faculdade de medicina brasileira quanto à relação médico-paciente e verificar fatores associados. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal analítico realizado em uma universidade pública, utilizando a PPOS - “Patient-Practitioner Orientation Scale” e um questionário sociodemográfico. Os sujeitos eram estudantes do curso de medicina e professores da instituição em questão no segundo semestre de 2015. Os testes de Mann-Whitney e Kruskal-Wallis foram utilizados para examinar o efeito das variáveis sociodemográficas e a interação com os escores encontrados para estudantes e professores. Resultados: Foram pesquisados 212 estudantes, correspondendo a 57,1% dos acadêmicos matriculados no curso de medicina. O valor do escore total da PPOS encontrado para os estudantes foi de 4,35 (± 0,5 DP), e o escore total médio da PPOS entre estudantes do sexo feminino (4,43) foi significativamente maior do que o masculino (4,23) (p