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Role of Vitamin E and the Orexin System in Neuroprotection
Role of Vitamin E and the Orexin System in Neuroprotection
- Source :
- Brain Sciences, Brain Sciences, Vol 11, Iss 1098, p 1098 (2021)
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- MDPI AG, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Microglia are the first line of defense at the level of the central nervous system (CNS). Phenotypic change in microglia can be regulated by various factors, including the orexin system. Neuroinflammation is an inflammatory process mediated by cytokines, by the lack of interaction between neurotransmitters and their specific receptors, caused by systemic tissue damage or, more often, associated with direct damage to the CNS. Chronic activation of microglia could lead to long-term neurodegenerative diseases. This review aims to explore how tocopherol (vitamin E) and the orexin system may play a role in the prevention and treatment of microglia inflammation and, consequently, in neurodegenerative diseases thanks to its antioxidant properties. The results of animal and in vitro studies provide evidence to support the use of tocopherol for a reduction in microglia inflammation as well as a greater activation of the orexinergic system. Although there is much in vivo and in vitro evidence of vitamin E antioxidant and protective abilities, there are still conflicting results for its use as a treatment for neurodegenerative diseases that speculate that vitamin E, under certain conditions or genetic predispositions, can be pro-oxidant and harmful.
- Subjects :
- Microglia
business.industry
General Neuroscience
Vitamin E
medicine.medical_treatment
Central nervous system
Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
Inflammation
Review
Neuroprotection
Neuroprotection mechanism
Orexin
medicine.anatomical_structure
Neuroinflammation
Neuroprotection mechanisms
medicine
medicine.symptom
business
Receptor
Neuroscience
RC321-571
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 20763425
- Volume :
- 11
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Brain Sciences
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....279f337aa28bad7e8736b68e7f9278ff
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11081098