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Role of Vitamin E and the Orexin System in Neuroprotection

Role of Vitamin E and the Orexin System in Neuroprotection

Authors :
Daniela Pisanelli
Marcellino Monda
Ines Villano
Marco Carotenuto
Maria Ester La Torre
Giovanni Messina
Anna Valenzano
Nicola Tartaglia
Chiara Porro
Antonietta Messina
Vincenzo Monda
Antonio Ambrosi
Giuseppe Cibelli
Maria Antonietta Panaro
La Torre, M. E.
Villano, I.
Monda, M.
Messina, A.
Cibelli, G.
Valenzano, A.
Pisanelli, D.
Panaro, M. A.
Tartaglia, N.
Ambrosi, A.
Carotenuto, M.
Monda, V.
Messina, G.
Porro, C.
Source :
Brain Sciences, Brain Sciences, Vol 11, Iss 1098, p 1098 (2021)
Publication Year :
2021
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2021.

Abstract

Microglia are the first line of defense at the level of the central nervous system (CNS). Phenotypic change in microglia can be regulated by various factors, including the orexin system. Neuroinflammation is an inflammatory process mediated by cytokines, by the lack of interaction between neurotransmitters and their specific receptors, caused by systemic tissue damage or, more often, associated with direct damage to the CNS. Chronic activation of microglia could lead to long-term neurodegenerative diseases. This review aims to explore how tocopherol (vitamin E) and the orexin system may play a role in the prevention and treatment of microglia inflammation and, consequently, in neurodegenerative diseases thanks to its antioxidant properties. The results of animal and in vitro studies provide evidence to support the use of tocopherol for a reduction in microglia inflammation as well as a greater activation of the orexinergic system. Although there is much in vivo and in vitro evidence of vitamin E antioxidant and protective abilities, there are still conflicting results for its use as a treatment for neurodegenerative diseases that speculate that vitamin E, under certain conditions or genetic predispositions, can be pro-oxidant and harmful.

Details

ISSN :
20763425
Volume :
11
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Brain Sciences
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....279f337aa28bad7e8736b68e7f9278ff
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11081098