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Overview of CRISPR–Cas9 Biology
- Source :
- Cold Spring Harbor Protocols. 2016:pdb.top088849
- Publication Year :
- 2016
- Publisher :
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 2016.
-
Abstract
- Prokaryotes use diverse strategies to improve fitness in the face of different environmental threats and stresses, including those posed by mobile genetic elements (e.g., bacteriophages and plasmids). To defend against these elements, many bacteria and archaea use elegant, RNA-directed, nucleic acid–targeting adaptive restriction machineries called CRISPR–Cas (CRISPR-associated) systems. While providing an effective defense against foreign genetic elements, these systems have also been observed to play critical roles in regulating bacterial physiology during environmental stress. Increasingly, CRISPR–Cas systems, in particular the Type II systems containing the Cas9 endonuclease, have been exploited for their ability to bind desired nucleic acid sequences, as well as direct sequence-specific cleavage of their targets. Cas9-mediated genome engineering is transcending biological research as a versatile and portable platform for manipulating genetic content in myriad systems. Here, we present a systematic overview of CRISPR–Cas history and biology, highlighting the revolutionary tools derived from these systems, which greatly expand the molecular biologists’ toolkit.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Bacteria
Gene Transfer, Horizontal
Cas9
030106 microbiology
Gene transfer
Computational biology
Interspersed Repetitive Sequences
Biology
Archaea
Environmental stress
Article
General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Genome engineering
03 medical and health sciences
030104 developmental biology
Plasmid
Gene Targeting
CRISPR
CRISPR-Cas Systems
Mobile genetic elements
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15596095 and 19403402
- Volume :
- 2016
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Cold Spring Harbor Protocols
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....2bcc55fa07fe83366810e6271313cb34
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1101/pdb.top088849