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Preclinical testing platforms for mechanical thrombectomy in stroke: a review on phantoms, in-vivo animal, and cadaveric models
- Source :
- J Neurointerv Surg
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- BMJ, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Preclinical testing platforms have been instrumental in the research and development of thrombectomy devices. However, there is no single model which fully captures the complexity of cerebrovascular anatomy, physiology, and the dynamic artery-clot-device interaction. This article provides a critical review of phantoms, in-vivo animal, and human cadaveric models used for thrombectomy testing and provides insights into the strengths and limitations of each platform. Articles published in the past 10 years that reported thrombectomy testing platforms were identified. Characteristics of each test platform, such as intracranial anatomy, artery tortuosity, vessel friction, flow conditions, device-vessel interaction, and visualization, were captured and benchmarked against human cerebral vessels involved in large-vessel occlusion stroke. Thrombectomy phantoms have been constructed from silicone, direct 3D-printed polymers, and glass. These phantoms represent oversimplified patient-specific cerebrovascular geometry but enable adequate visualization of devices and clots under appropriate flow conditions. They do not realistically mimic the artery-clot interaction. For the animal models, arteries from swine, canines, and rabbits have been reported. These models can reasonably replicate the artery-clot-device interaction and have the unique value of evaluating the safety of thrombectomy devices. However, the vasculature geometries are substantially less complex and flow conditions are different from human cerebral arteries. Cadaveric models are the most accurate vascular representations but with limited access and challenges in reproducibility of testing conditions. Multiple test platforms should be likely used for comprehensive evaluation of thrombectomy devices. Interpretation of the testing results should take into consideration platform-specific limitations.
- Subjects :
- Swine
Article
Limited access
Dogs
Cadaver
medicine
Animals
Humans
Stroke
Thrombectomy
Single model
business.industry
Research
Reproducibility of Results
General Medicine
medicine.disease
Visualization
Mechanical thrombectomy
Preclinical testing
Test platform
Surgery
Rabbits
Neurology (clinical)
Cadaveric spasm
business
Biomedical engineering
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 17598486 and 17598478
- Volume :
- 13
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....2c36c344c5b8e803e950647727943733
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1136/neurintsurg-2020-017133