Induction of Winter Wheat Plant Structure Mutations by Chemomutagenesis

The objectives of our investigations are to describe the variation by muta-tions of stem architecture of the modern Ukrainian winter wheat varieties accord-ing to their interactions with mutagen nature, concentration and genotype-mutagen interaction specific. 7 modern Ukrainian winter wheat varieties and one line were treated by 1.4-bisdiazoatsetilbutan water solution at 0.1 and 0.2% concentrations. Types of visible mutations like as high and short stem, dwarfs and semi-dwarfs, changes in a waxy bloom, stem thickness have been investigated. New genetic- and breeding-value mutant lines have been obtained in terms of research program. Main components for mutation induction successful were geno-type-mutagen interaction and peculiarities of genotype as a subject of mutagen action (due to discriminant and factor analyses). By mutation occurs (in sense of mutation rate and spectra) genotypes can be subdivided on several groups. Effect of recurrent mutagenesis was identified as decrease of mutation rate under mutagen action by variety Kalinova, which obtained with same mutagen. Other geno-types reaction on mutagen action depends on genotype specific only, not kind of treatment. Bisdiazoatsetilbutan as a mutagens for creation new material by plant height and stem structure has been shown as less successful than gamma-rays and nitrosoalkylureas, but this mutagen may be used for special investigation by some types of mutation induction. But it was more specific in a mutagen-genotype interaction and more clearly demonstrate some effects of recurrent mu-tagenesis regarding nature of chemical agents. As for example action on variety Sonechko with great number of mutations by waxy bloom. These peculiarities may be caused by previous chemical mutagens damages of DNA in complex with recurrent action of bisdiazoatsetilbutan. Genotype-mutagen interaction and classification of mutant material are possible by rate of high and short stem, with and without waxy bloom forms. Concentration affected on rate of high stem forms. Mutagen cannot induce dwarf and semi-dwarf forms in significant amount and completely unpromising in this regard. Our research will be further focused on transformation of scientific and technological achievements and mutagenic mech-anism of bisdiazoatsetilbutan on plant at the molecular level in the recent future.