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Lipoprotein(a): An independent, genetic, and causal factor for cardiovascular disease and acute myocardial infarction
- Source :
- Indian Heart Journal, Vol 71, Iss 2, Pp 99-112 (2019), Indian Heart Journal
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2019.
-
Abstract
- Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a circulating lipoprotein, and its level is largely determined by variation in the Lp(a) gene (LPA) locus encoding apo(a). Genetic variation in the LPA gene that increases Lp(a) level also increases coronary artery disease (CAD) risk, suggesting that Lp(a) is a causal factor for CAD risk. Lp(a) is the preferential lipoprotein carrier for oxidized phospholipids (OxPL), a proatherogenic and proinflammatory biomarker. Lp(a) adversely affects endothelial function, inflammation, oxidative stress, fibrinolysis, and plaque stability, leading to accelerated atherothrombosis and premature CAD. The INTER-HEART Study has established the usefulness of Lp(a) in assessing the risk of acute myocardial infarction in ethnically diverse populations with South Asians having the highest risk and population attributable risk. The 2018 Cholesterol Clinical Practice Guideline have recognized elevated Lp(a) as an atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk enhancer for initiating or intensifying statin therapy. Keywords: Lipoprotein(a), Oxidized phospholipids, Genetic risk factor, Indians, Acute myocardial infarction, Premature coronary artery disease, Cardiovascular disease, Kringles, Isoforms, Mendelian randomization, Single nucleotide polymorphism, Genome-wide association studies, meta-analysis
- Subjects :
- KIV-2, kringle IV type-2 repeats
medicine.medical_treatment
Myocardial Infarction
Review Article
030204 cardiovascular system & hematology
Genome-wide association studies
LMW, low molecular weight
Coronary artery disease
Oxidized phospholipids
chemistry.chemical_compound
0302 clinical medicine
Indians
Kringles
GWAS, Genome-Wide Association Studies
Risk Factors
030212 general & internal medicine
Myocardial infarction
Genetic risk factor
Asia, Southeastern
AHA, American Heart Association
OxPL, oxidized phospholipids
biology
MR, Mendelian randomization
Lipoprotein(a)
SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism
Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular Diseases
lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins)
ASCVD, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
medicine.medical_specialty
CNV, copy number variation
RD1-811
Premature coronary artery disease
LPA, Lp(a) gene
GRS, genetic risk score
Acute myocardial infarction
HMW, high molecular weight
NHLBI, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Proinflammatory cytokine
03 medical and health sciences
apo(a), apolipoprotein(a)
Internal medicine
Fibrinolysis
Mendelian randomization
medicine
Humans
Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system
Cholesterol
business.industry
Lp(a), lipoprotein(a)
medicine.disease
Single nucleotide polymorphism
AMI, acute myocardial infarction
meta-analysis
CAVD, calcific aortic valve disease
OR, odds ratio
Endocrinology
chemistry
RC666-701
Attributable risk
biology.protein
Surgery
ACC, American College of Cardiology
Isoforms
business
Genome-Wide Association Study
MACE, major acute cardiovascular events
Lipoprotein
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 00194832
- Volume :
- 71
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Indian Heart Journal
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....2e98a2ea797d3e37e86db3b8b846f664