Back to Search
Start Over
Development of Functional Antibodies Directed to Human Dialyzable Leukocyte Extract (Transferon®)
- Source :
- Journal of Immunology Research, Journal of Immunology Research, Vol 2019 (2019)
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- Hindawi, 2019.
-
Abstract
- Transferon® is an immunomodulator made of a complex mixture of peptides from human dialyzable leucocyte extracts (hDLEs). Development of surrogate antibodies directed to hDLE is an indispensable tool for studies during process control and preclinical trials. These antibodies are fundamental for different analytical approaches, such as identity test and drug quantitation, as well as to characterize its pharmacokinetic and mechanisms of action. A previous murine study showed the inability of the peptides of Transferon® to induce antibody production by themselves; therefore, in this work, two approaches were tested to increase its immunogenicity: chemical conjugation of the peptides of Transferon® to carrier proteins and the use of a rabbit model. Bioconjugates were generated with Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin (KLH) or Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) through maleimide-activated carrier proteins. BALB/c mice and New Zealand rabbits were immunized with Transferon® conjugated to KLH or nonconjugated Transferon®. Animals that were immunized with conjugated Transferon® showed significant production of antibodies as evinced by the recognition of Transferon®-BSA conjugate in ELISA assays. Moreover, rabbits showed higher antibody titers when compared with mice. Neither mouse nor rabbits developed antibodies when immunized with nonconjugated Transferon®. Interestingly, rabbit antibodies were able to partially block IL-2 production in Jurkat cells after costimulation with Transferon®. In conclusion, it is feasible to elicit specific and functional antibodies anti-hDLE with different potential uses during the life cycle of the product.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
lcsh:Immunologic diseases. Allergy
Male
Article Subject
Immunology
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Transfer Factor
Jurkat cells
03 medical and health sciences
Mice
0302 clinical medicine
Adjuvants, Immunologic
Antibody Specificity
Isoantibodies
Immunology and Allergy
Animals
Humans
Bovine serum albumin
Antigens
biology
Chemistry
Immunogenicity
Antibody titer
General Medicine
030104 developmental biology
Biochemistry
Immunization
030220 oncology & carcinogenesis
Immunoglobulin G
Antibody Formation
biology.protein
Rabbits
Antibody
lcsh:RC581-607
Peptides
Keyhole limpet hemocyanin
Conjugate
Research Article
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 23148861
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Immunology Research
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....2f453786b10ea293432e55dab7f7c17f
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2754920