Espaces de Banach-Colmez et faisceaux coh\'erents sur la courbe de Fargues-Fontaine

We give a new definition, simpler but equivalent, of the abelian category of Banach-Colmez spaces introduced by Colmez, and we explain the precise relationship with the category of coherent sheaves on the Fargues-Fontaine curve. One goes from one category to the other by changing the t-structure on the derived category. Along the way, we obtain a description of the pro-\'etale cohomology of the open disk and the affine space, of independent interest.
Comment: In French, comments welcome !