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Epidemiology, prevention, screening, diagnosis, and evaluation: update of the ICUD-SIU joint consultation on bladder cancer
- Source :
- World Journal of Urology, 37, 3-13, World Journal of Urology, 37, 1, pp. 3-13
- Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- To update current recommendations on prevention, screening, diagnosis, and evaluation of bladder cancer (BC) based on a thorough assessment of the most recent literature on these topics. A non-systematic review was performed, including articles until June 2017. A variety of original articles, reviews, and editorials were selected according to their epidemiologic, demographic, and clinical relevance. Assessment of the level of evidence and grade of recommendations was performed according to the International Consultation on Urological Diseases grading system. BC is the ninth most common cancer worldwide with 430,000 new cases in 2012. Currently, approximately 165,000 people die from the disease annually. Absolute incidence and prevalence of BC are expected to rise significantly during the next decades because of population ageing. Tobacco smoking is still the main risk factor, accounting for about 50% of cases. Smoking cessation is, therefore, the most relevant recommendation in terms of prevention, as the risk of developing BC drops almost 40% within 5 years of cessation. BC screening is not recommended for the general population. BC diagnosis remains mainly based on cystoscopy, but development of new endoscopic and imaging technologies may rapidly change the diagnosis algorithm. The same applies for local, regional, and distant staging modalities. A thorough understanding of epidemiology, risk factors, early detection strategies, diagnosis, and evaluation is essential for correct, evidence-based management of BC patients. Recent developments in endoscopic techniques and imaging raise the hope for providing better risk-adopted approaches and thereby improving clinical outcomes.
- Subjects :
- medicine.medical_specialty
Urology
medicine.medical_treatment
Population Dynamics
Population
030232 urology & nephrology
Disease
Narrow Band Imaging
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
All institutes and research themes of the Radboud University Medical Center
Risk Factors
Epidemiology
Prevalence
Tobacco Smoking
medicine
Humans
Risk factor
Intensive care medicine
education
Early Detection of Cancer
Societies, Medical
Neoplasm Staging
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell
education.field_of_study
Bladder cancer
business.industry
Incidence
Incidence (epidemiology)
Cystoscopy
Evidence-based medicine
medicine.disease
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
030220 oncology & carcinogenesis
Urological cancers Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 15]
Practice Guidelines as Topic
Smoking cessation
Smoking Cessation
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
business
Algorithms
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 07244983
- Volume :
- 37
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- World Journal of Urology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....34c9b6a0b9234a694b45c2613d23aa7c