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Cortical and subcortical brain structure in generalized anxiety disorder
- Source :
- Harrewijn, A, Cardinale, E M, Groenewold, N A, Bas-Hoogendam, J M, Aghajani, M, Hilbert, K, Cardoner, N, Porta-Casteràs, D, Gosnell, S, Salas, R, Jackowski, A P, Pan, P M, Salum, G A, Blair, K S, Blair, J R, Hammoud, M Z, Milad, M R, Burkhouse, K L, Phan, K L, Schroeder, H K, Strawn, J R, Beesdo-Baum, K, Jahanshad, N, Thomopoulos, S I, Buckner, R, Nielsen, J A, Smoller, J W, Soares, J C, Mwangi, B, Wu, M-J, Zunta-Soares, G B, Assaf, M, Diefenbach, G J, Brambilla, P, Maggioni, E, Hofmann, D, Straube, T, Andreescu, C, Berta, R, Tamburo, E, Price, R B, Manfro, G G, Agosta, F, Canu, E, Cividini, C, Filippi, M, Kostić, M, Munjiza Jovanovic, A, Alberton, B A V, Benson, B, Freitag, G F, Filippi, C A, Gold, A L, Leibenluft, E, Ringlein, G V, Werwath, K E, Zwiebel, H, Zugman, A, Grabe, H J, van der Auwera, S, Wittfeld, K, Völzke, H, Bülow, R, Balderston, N L, Ernst, M, Grillon, C, Mujica-Parodi, L R, van Nieuwenhuizen, H, Critchley, H D, Makovac, E, Mancini, M, Meeten, F, Ottaviani, C, Ball, T M, Fonzo, G A, Paulus, M P, Stein, M B, Gur, R E, Gur, R C, Kaczkurkin, A N, Larsen, B, Satterthwaite, T D, Harper, J, Myers, M, Perino, M T, Sylvester, C M, Yu, Q, Lueken, U, Veltman, D J, Thompson, P M, Stein, D J, van der Wee, N J A, Winkler, A M & Pine, D S 2021, ' Cortical and subcortical brain structure in generalized anxiety disorder : findings from 28 research sites in the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group ', Translational psychiatry, vol. 11, no. 1, 502 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-021-01622-1, Translational psychiatry, 11(1):502, Translational Psychiatry, 11(1). SPRINGERNATURE, Translational Psychiatry, 11(1):502. SPRINGERNATURE, Translational Psychiatry, Translational Psychiatry 11(1), 502 (2021). doi:10.1038/s41398-021-01622-1, Translational Psychiatry, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2021)
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- SPRINGERNATURE, 2021.
-
Abstract
- The goal of this study was to compare brain structure between individuals with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and healthy controls. Previous studies have generated inconsistent findings, possibly due to small sample sizes, or clinical/analytic heterogeneity. To address these concerns, we combined data from 28 research sites worldwide through the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group, using a single, pre-registered mega-analysis. Structural magnetic resonance imaging data from children and adults (5–90 years) were processed using FreeSurfer. The main analysis included the regional and vertex-wise cortical thickness, cortical surface area, and subcortical volume as dependent variables, and GAD, age, age-squared, sex, and their interactions as independent variables. Nuisance variables included IQ, years of education, medication use, comorbidities, and global brain measures. The main analysis (1020 individuals with GAD and 2999 healthy controls) included random slopes per site and random intercepts per scanner. A secondary analysis (1112 individuals with GAD and 3282 healthy controls) included fixed slopes and random intercepts per scanner with the same variables. The main analysis showed no effect of GAD on brain structure, nor interactions involving GAD, age, or sex. The secondary analysis showed increased volume in the right ventral diencephalon in male individuals with GAD compared to male healthy controls, whereas female individuals with GAD did not differ from female healthy controls. This mega-analysis combining worldwide data showed that differences in brain structure related to GAD are small, possibly reflecting heterogeneity or those structural alterations are not a major component of its pathophysiology.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Male
medicine.medical_specialty
endocrine system
Generalized anxiety disorder
Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
Anxiety
Audiology
Article
Structural magnetic resonance imaging
Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
Secondary analysis
medicine
Psychology
Humans
ddc:610
Cortical surface
generalized anxiety disorder
structural brain imaging
cortical thickness
Child
diagnostic imaging [Brain]
Biological Psychiatry
Medication use
diagnostic imaging [Anxiety Disorders]
medicine.diagnostic_test
business.industry
Brain
Small sample
Magnetic resonance imaging
medicine.disease
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Anxiety Disorders
Psychiatry and Mental health
multicentric network
Female
medicine.symptom
business
RC321-571
Neuroscience
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 21583188
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Harrewijn, A, Cardinale, E M, Groenewold, N A, Bas-Hoogendam, J M, Aghajani, M, Hilbert, K, Cardoner, N, Porta-Casteràs, D, Gosnell, S, Salas, R, Jackowski, A P, Pan, P M, Salum, G A, Blair, K S, Blair, J R, Hammoud, M Z, Milad, M R, Burkhouse, K L, Phan, K L, Schroeder, H K, Strawn, J R, Beesdo-Baum, K, Jahanshad, N, Thomopoulos, S I, Buckner, R, Nielsen, J A, Smoller, J W, Soares, J C, Mwangi, B, Wu, M-J, Zunta-Soares, G B, Assaf, M, Diefenbach, G J, Brambilla, P, Maggioni, E, Hofmann, D, Straube, T, Andreescu, C, Berta, R, Tamburo, E, Price, R B, Manfro, G G, Agosta, F, Canu, E, Cividini, C, Filippi, M, Kostić, M, Munjiza Jovanovic, A, Alberton, B A V, Benson, B, Freitag, G F, Filippi, C A, Gold, A L, Leibenluft, E, Ringlein, G V, Werwath, K E, Zwiebel, H, Zugman, A, Grabe, H J, van der Auwera, S, Wittfeld, K, Völzke, H, Bülow, R, Balderston, N L, Ernst, M, Grillon, C, Mujica-Parodi, L R, van Nieuwenhuizen, H, Critchley, H D, Makovac, E, Mancini, M, Meeten, F, Ottaviani, C, Ball, T M, Fonzo, G A, Paulus, M P, Stein, M B, Gur, R E, Gur, R C, Kaczkurkin, A N, Larsen, B, Satterthwaite, T D, Harper, J, Myers, M, Perino, M T, Sylvester, C M, Yu, Q, Lueken, U, Veltman, D J, Thompson, P M, Stein, D J, van der Wee, N J A, Winkler, A M & Pine, D S 2021, ' Cortical and subcortical brain structure in generalized anxiety disorder : findings from 28 research sites in the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group ', Translational psychiatry, vol. 11, no. 1, 502 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-021-01622-1, Translational psychiatry, 11(1):502, Translational Psychiatry, 11(1). SPRINGERNATURE, Translational Psychiatry, 11(1):502. SPRINGERNATURE, Translational Psychiatry, Translational Psychiatry 11(1), 502 (2021). doi:10.1038/s41398-021-01622-1, Translational Psychiatry, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2021)
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....36a0409945bb2db6f219b975c176f77a