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Soft, skin-interfaced microfluidic systems with integrated enzymatic assays for measuring the concentration of ammonia and ethanol in sweat
- Source :
- Lab on a Chip. 20:84-92
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC), 2020.
-
Abstract
- Eccrine sweat is a rich and largely unexplored biofluid that contains a range of important biomarkers, from electrolytes, metabolites, micronutrients and hormones to exogenous agents, each of which can change in concentration with diet, stress level, hydration status and physiologic or metabolic state. Traditionally, clinicians and researchers have used absorbent pads and benchtop analyzers to collect and analyze the biochemical constituents of sweat in controlled, laboratory settings. Recently reported wearable microfluidic and electrochemical sensing devices represent significant advances in this context, with capabilities for rapid, in situ evaluations, in many cases with improved repeatability and accuracy. A limitation is that assays performed in these platforms offer limited control of reaction kinetics and mixing of different reagents and samples. Here, we present a multi-layered microfluidic device platform with designs that eliminate these constraints, to enable integrated enzymatic assays with demonstrations of in situ analysis of the concentrations of ammonia and ethanol in microliter volumes of sweat. Careful characterization of the reaction kinetics and their optimization using statistical techniques yield robust analysis protocols. Human subject studies with sweat initiated by warm-water bathing highlight the operational features of these systems.
- Subjects :
- Absorbent Pads
Microfluidics
Biomedical Engineering
Bioengineering
Context (language use)
02 engineering and technology
010402 general chemistry
01 natural sciences
Biochemistry
Enzymatic Assays
SWEAT
Ammonia
Lab-On-A-Chip Devices
Humans
Sweat
Horseradish Peroxidase
Hydration status
Chromatography
Ethanol
Chemistry
General Chemistry
021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology
Healthy Volunteers
0104 chemical sciences
Alcohol Oxidoreductases
Kinetics
In situ analysis
0210 nano-technology
Robust analysis
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 14730189 and 14730197
- Volume :
- 20
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Lab on a Chip
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....374c0bc9dd6df60f18cc527efae1d3a9