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CART-Cell Therapy: Recent Advances and New Evidence in Multiple Myeloma
- Source :
- Cancers, Vol 13, Iss 2639, p 2639 (2021), Cancers
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- MDPI AG, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Simple Summary Available data on anti-BCMA CART-cell therapy has demonstrated efficacy and manageable toxicity in heavily pretreated R/R MM patients. Despite this, the main issues remain to be addressed. First of all, a significant proportion of patients eventually relapse. The potential strategy to prevent relapse includes sequential or combined infusion with CAR T-cells against targets other than BCMA, CAR T-cells with novel dual-targeting vector design, and BCMA expression upregulation. Another dark side of CAR T therapy is safety. Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and neurologic toxicity are well-described adverse effects. In MM trials, most CRS events tended to be grade 1 or 2. Another critical point is the extended timeline of the manufacturing process and that only a few academic centers can perform these procedures. Recognizing these issues, the excellent response with BCMA-targeted CAR T-cell therapy makes it a treatment strategy of great promise. Abstract Despite the improvement in survival outcomes, multiple myeloma (MM) remains an incurable disease. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy targeting B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) represents a new strategy for the treatment of relapsed/refractory MM (R/R). In this paper, we describe several recent advances in the field of anti-BCMA CAR T-cell therapy and MM. Currently, available data on anti-BCMA CART-cell therapy has demonstrated efficacy and manageable toxicity in heavily pretreated R/R MM patients. Despite this, the main issues remain to be addressed. First of all, a significant proportion of patients eventually relapse. The potential strategy to prevent relapse includes sequential or combined infusion with CAR T-cells against targets other than BCMA, CAR T-cells with novel dual-targeting vector design, and BCMA expression upregulation. Another dark side of CART therapy is safety. Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) andneurologic toxicity are well-described adverse effects. In the MM trials, most CRS events tended to be grade 1 or 2, with fewer patients experiencing grade 3 or higher. Another critical point is the extended timeline of the manufacturing process. Allo-CARs offers the potential for scalable manufacturing for on-demand treatment with shorter waiting days. Another issue is undoubtedly going to be access to this therapy. Currently, only a few academic centers can perform these procedures. Recognizing these issues, the excellent response with BCMA-targeted CAR T-cell therapy makes it a treatment strategy of great promise.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Oncology
Cart
relapsed multiple myeloma
refractory myeloma
Cancer Research
medicine.medical_specialty
CAR T
Review
Disease
Cell therapy
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Internal medicine
medicine
neurologic toxicity
Adverse effect
RC254-282
Multiple myeloma
business.industry
Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens
cytokine release syndrome
medicine.disease
Chimeric antigen receptor
BCMA
multiple myeloma
Cytokine release syndrome
030104 developmental biology
030220 oncology & carcinogenesis
Treatment strategy
business
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 20726694
- Volume :
- 13
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Cancers
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....3821a393ab2199b1980ef55818c76763