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Extinction and dawn of the modern world in the Carnian (Late Triassic)

Authors :: Michael J. Benton
Sönke Hohn
Haijun Song
Alastair Ruffell
Andrea Marzoli
Piero Gianolla
Alexander R. Schmidt
Agostino Merico
Leyla J. Seyfullah
Guido Roghi
Paul B. Wignall
Jacopo Dal Corso
Evelyn Kustatscher
Yadong Sun
Robert J. Newton
Massimo Bernardi
Nereo Preto
Source :: Science Advances, dal Corso, J, Bernardi, M, Sun, Y, Seyfullah, L J, Preto, N, Gianolla, P, Kustatscher, E, Roghi, G, Ruffell, A, Hohn, S, Schmidt, A R, Newton, R, Wignall, P & Benton, M 2020, ' Extinction and dawn of the modern world in the Carnian (Late Triassic) ', Science Advances, vol. 6, eaba0099, pp. 1-12 . https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aba0099, dal Corso, J, Bernardi, M, Sun, Y, Song, H, Seyfullah, L J, Preto, N, Gianolla, P, Ruffell, A, Kustatscher, E, Roghi, G, Merico, A, Hohn, S, Schmidt, A R, Marzoli, A, Newton, R J, Wignall, P B & Benton, M J 2020, ' Extinction and dawn of the modern world in the Carnian (Late Triassic) ', Science Advances, vol. 6, no. 38, eaba0099 . https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aba0099, Science Advances 6 (2020). doi:10.1126/sciadv.aba0099, info:cnr-pdr/source/autori:Dal Corso J.[1,2], Bernardi M.[3,4], Sun Y.[5], Song H.[2], Seyfullah L.J.[6], Nereo P.[7],; Gianolla P.[8], Ruffell A.[9], Kustatscher E.[10,11,12], Roghi G.[13], Merico A.[14,15], Hohn S.[14], Schmidt A.R.[16], Marzoli A.[7], Newton R.J.[1], Wignall P.B.[1], Benton M.J.[4]/titolo:Extinction and dawn of the modern world in the Carnian (Late Triassic)./doi:10.1126%2Fsciadv.aba0099/rivista:Science Advances/anno:2020/pagina_da:/pagina_a:/intervallo_pagine:/volume:6
Publication Year :: 2020
Abstract: The roots of modern-style ecosystems go back to the Carnian (ca. 233 Ma), a time of global climate change and extinction.<br />The Carnian Pluvial Episode (Late Triassic) was a time of global environmental changes and possibly substantial coeval volcanism. The extent of the biological turnover in marine and terrestrial ecosystems is not well understood. Here, we present a meta-analysis of fossil data that suggests a substantial reduction in generic and species richness and the disappearance of 33% of marine genera. This crisis triggered major radiations. In the sea, the rise of the first scleractinian reefs and rock-forming calcareous nannofossils points to substantial changes in ocean chemistry. On land, there were major diversifications and originations of conifers, insects, dinosaurs, crocodiles, lizards, turtles, and mammals. Although there is uncertainty on the precise age of some of the recorded biological changes, these observations indicate that the Carnian Pluvial Episode was linked to a major extinction event and might have been the trigger of the spectacular radiation of many key groups that dominate modern ecosystems.