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Simulation of photoreactive transients and of photochemical transformation of organic pollutants in sunlit boreal lakes across 14 degrees of latitude: A photochemical mapping of Sweden
Simulation of photoreactive transients and of photochemical transformation of organic pollutants in sunlit boreal lakes across 14 degrees of latitude: A photochemical mapping of Sweden
- Source :
- Water research. 129
- Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- Lake water constituents, such as chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) and nitrate, absorb sunlight which induces an array of photochemical reactions. Although these reactions are a substantial driver of pollutant degradation in lakes they are insufficiently understood, in particular on large scales. Here, we provide for the first time comprehensive photochemical maps covering a large geographic region. Using photochemical kinetics modeling for 1048 lakes across Sweden we simulated the steady-state concentrations of four photoreactive transient species, which are continuously produced and consumed in sunlit lake waters. We then simulated the transient-induced photochemical transformation of organic pollutants, to gain insight into the relevance of the different photoreaction pathways. We found that boreal lakes were often unfavorable environments for photoreactions mediated by hydroxyl radicals ( OH) and carbonate radical anions (CO3− ), while photoreactions mediated by CDOM triplet states (3CDOM*) and, to a lesser extent, singlet oxygen (1O2) were the most prevalent. These conditions promote the photodegradation of phenols, which are used as plastic, medical drug and herbicide precursors. When CDOM concentrations increase, as is currently commonly the case in boreal areas such as Sweden, 3CDOM* will also increase, promoting its importance in photochemical pathways even more.
- Subjects :
- Environmental Engineering
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences
Carbonates
010501 environmental sciences
Photochemistry
01 natural sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
Nitrate
Dissolved organic carbon
Organic Chemicals
Photodegradation
Waste Management and Disposal
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Water Science and Technology
Civil and Structural Engineering
Pollutant
Sweden
Photolysis
Singlet Oxygen
Singlet oxygen
Hydroxyl Radical
Ecological Modeling
Eutrophication
Photochemical Processes
Pollution
Colored dissolved organic matter
Kinetics
Lakes
chemistry
Boreal
Models, Chemical
Environmental chemistry
Sunlight
Carbonate
Water Pollutants, Chemical
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 18792448
- Volume :
- 129
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Water research
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....38d1f97249655bb37094f5c615492d08