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Global transcriptomic analysis of a murine osteocytic cell line subjected to spaceflight
- Source :
- The FASEB Journal. 35
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Wiley, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Bone loss is a major health concern for astronauts during long-term spaceflight and for patients during prolonged bed rest or paralysis. Growing evidence suggests that osteocytes, the most abundant cells in the mineralized bone matrix, play a key role in sensing mechanical forces applied to the skeleton and integrating the orchestrated response into subcellular biochemical signals to modulate bone homeostasis. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying both mechanosensation and mechanotransduction in late-osteoblast-to-osteocyte cells under microgravity (µG) have yet to be elucidated. To unravel the mechanisms by which late osteoblasts and osteocytes sense and respond to mechanical unloading, we exposed the osteocytic cell line, Ocy454, to 2, 4, or 6 days of µG on the SpaceX Dragon-6 resupply mission to the International Space Station. Our results showed that µG impairs the differentiation of osteocytes, consistent with prior osteoblast spaceflight experiments, which resulted in the downregulation of key osteocytic genes. Importantly, we demonstrate the modulation of critical glycolysis pathways in osteocytes subjected to microgravity and discovered a set of mechanical sensitive genes that are consistently regulated in multiple cell types exposed to microgravity suggesting a common, yet to be fully elucidated, genome-wide response to microgravity. Ground-based simulated microgravity experiments utilizing the NASA rotating-wall-vessel were unable to adequately replicate the changes in microgravity exposure highlighting the importance of spaceflight missions to understand the unique environmental stress that microgravity presents to diverse cell types. In summary, our findings demonstrate that osteocytes respond to µG with an increase in glucose metabolism and oxygen consumption.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Cell type
Biology
Spaceflight
Mechanotransduction, Cellular
Osteocytes
Biochemistry
law.invention
Transcriptome
Mice
03 medical and health sciences
Oxygen Consumption
0302 clinical medicine
Downregulation and upregulation
law
Bone cell
Genetics
medicine
Animals
Mechanotransduction
Molecular Biology
Mechanosensation
Osteoblast
Space Flight
Cell biology
Glucose
030104 developmental biology
medicine.anatomical_structure
Gene Expression Regulation
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Biotechnology
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15306860 and 08926638
- Volume :
- 35
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- The FASEB Journal
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....3af64b64da768a9cbc12d39c7950f5fa