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Practice Paper of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics: Nutrition Intervention and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
- Source :
- Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. 118:486-498
- Publication Year :
- 2018
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2018.
-
Abstract
- Nutrition is an integral component of medical care for people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/autoimmune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) (PLWHA). The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics supports integration of medical nutrition therapy into routine care for this population. Fewer PLWHA experience wasting and undernutrition, while the prevalence of obesity and other chronic diseases has increased significantly. Improved understanding of HIV infection's impact on metabolism and chronic inflammation has only increased the complexity of managing chronic HIV infection. Nutrition assessment should encompass food insecurity risk, changes in body composition, biochemical indices, and clinical indicators of comorbid disease. Side effects from current antiretroviral therapy regimens are less prevalent than with previous generations of therapy. However, micronutrient deficiencies and chronic anemia also remain significant nutritional risks for PLWHA, making vitamin and mineral supplementation necessary in cases of acute deficiency or food insecurity. Additional factors can impact HIV-related nutrition care among the pediatric population, older adults, minority groups, those co-infected with tuberculosis or hepatitis, and PLWHA in rural or underserved areas. Registered dietitian nutritionists and nutrition and dietetic technicians, registered should participate in multidisciplinary care to incorporate nutrition into the medical management of PLWHA.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Dietetics
Population
HIV Infections
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
Environmental health
medicine
Humans
030212 general & internal medicine
Medical nutrition therapy
education
Wasting
Hepatitis
education.field_of_study
Nutrition and Dietetics
business.industry
Academies and Institutes
HIV
General Medicine
medicine.disease
Micronutrient
030112 virology
Obesity
Nutrition Disorders
Malnutrition
Nutrition Assessment
Practice Guidelines as Topic
Nutrition Therapy
medicine.symptom
business
Food Science
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 22122672
- Volume :
- 118
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....3c1038945fb76d74509de6982a6cc515