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Composition-resolved size distributions of volcanic aerosols in the Mt. Etna plumes
- Source :
- JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES. 113(D17)
- Publication Year :
- 2008
-
Abstract
- Particle size distributions for soluble and insoluble species in Mt. Etna's summit plumes were measured across an extended size range (10 nm < d < 100 μm) using a combination of techniques. Automated scanning electron microscopy (QEMSCAN) was used to chemically analyze many thousands of insoluble particles (collected on pumped filters) allowing the relationships between particle size, shape, and composition to be investigated. The size distribution of fine silicate particles (d < 10 μm) was found to be lognormal, consistent with formation by bursting of gas bubbles at the surface of the magma. The compositions of fine silicate particles were found to vary between magmatic and nearly pure silica; this is consistent with depletion of metal ions by reactions in the acidic environment of the gas plume and vent. Measurements of the size, shape and composition of fine silicate particles may potentially offer insights into preemission, synemission, and postemission processes. The mass flux of fine silicate particles from Mt. Etna released during noneruptive volcanic degassing in 2004 and 2005 was estimated to be ∼7000 kg d-1. Analysis of particles in the range 0.1 < d/μm < 100 by ion chromatography shows that there are persistent differences in the size distributions of sulfate aerosols between the two main summit plumes. Analysis of particles in the range 0.01 μm < d < 0.1 μm by scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) shows that there are significant levels of nanoparticles in the Mt. Etna plumes although their compositions remain uncertain. Copyright 2008 by the American Geophysical Union.
- Subjects :
- Atmospheric Science
QEMSCAN
Soil Science
Mineralogy
Nanoparticle
Aquatic Science
Oceanography
chemistry.chemical_compound
Geochemistry and Petrology
Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)
Earth-Surface Processes
Water Science and Technology
geography
geography.geographical_feature_category
Ecology
Paleontology
Forestry
volcanic aerosols
Silicate
Aerosol
Plume
Settore GEO/08 - Geochimica E Vulcanologia
Earth sciences
Geophysics
Volcano
chemistry
Space and Planetary Science
Particle-size distribution
Particle size
Geology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2169897X
- Volume :
- 113
- Issue :
- D17
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....3c29cbfbb8d0a6c47ca225ad97b9f097