Back to Search
Start Over
Effects of hot-water extracts from Ganoderma lucidum residues and solid-state fermentation residues on prebiotic and immune-stimulatory activities in vitro and the powdered residues used as broiler feed additives in vivo
- Source :
- Botanical Studies
- Publication Year :
- 2015
- Publisher :
- Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015.
-
Abstract
- Background Large amounts of Ganoderma lucidum (GL) commercial products are provided in the worldwide market such as powders, tea bags, or capsules as dietary supplements which contained triterpenoids and/or polysaccharides. Therefore, it was estimated that several thousand tons of GL residues (GLR) are produced and discarded. For recycling uses, the aim of this study was to evaluate the benefits of two hot-water extracts from GLR (HWP_GLR) and solid-state fermentation GLR inoculated with GL mycelia (HWP_GLRF) on the growths of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Bifidobacterium longum. The RAW264.7 cells were used to investigate the effects of HWP_GLR and HWP_GLRF on nitric oxide productions, phagocytic activities against FITC-labeled E. coli, and to lower lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding capacities. The powders of GLR and GLRF were used as additives in the commercial feeds for feeding broiler chicks in vivo to evaluate the immune-stimulatory and prebiotic activities. Results HWP_GLR and HWP_GLRF with molecular size 5 to 8 kDa were showed to stimulate growths of L. rhamnosus and B. longum. It was found that in the presence of polymyxin B HWP_GLR and HWP_GLRF could stimulate nitric oxide productions, elevate phagocytic activities against FITC-labeled E. coli, and to lower lipopolysaccharide-binding capacities in RAW264.7 cells. The broiler chicks were selected for feedings in vivo. The 1-day-old chicks were fed commercial feeds for 1 week, and then were fed without or with 4 or 8 % of GLR and GLRF additives for 3 weeks. There was no significant weight difference among feeding groups. However, the phagocytosis and natural killer cytotoxicity in the peripheral bloods, and prebiotic activities of bifidobacteria in feces of GLR and/or GLRF groups were significantly different compared to the control (P Conclusions The GLR, GLRF, and their hot-water extracts with beneficial activities could be processed as feed additives which could increase the waste-recycling.
- Subjects :
- chemistry.chemical_classification
Bifidobacterium longum
biology
Prebiotic
medicine.medical_treatment
Research
Probiotics
fungi
Ganoderma lucidum residues (GLR)
Broiler
food and beverages
Natural killer cytotoxicity
Plant Science
biology.organism_classification
Polysaccharide
Solid-state fermentation
Biochemistry
Lactobacillus rhamnosus
chemistry
Arbor Acres broiler chicks
Phagocytic
medicine
Fermentation
Prebiotic activity
Mycelium
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 19993110 and 1817406X
- Volume :
- 56
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Botanical Studies
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....3caf3e8d67993f9f51db71be40063cf5