Back to Search
Start Over
Highly structured genetic diversity of Bixa orellana var. urucurana, the wild ancestor of annatto, in Brazilian Amazonia
- Source :
- PLoS ONE, Vol 13, Iss 6, p e0198593 (2018), PloS one, vol 13, iss 6, Repositório Institucional da USP (Biblioteca Digital da Produção Intelectual), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), instacron:USP, Repositório Institucional do INPA, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), instacron:INPA, PLoS ONE
- Publication Year :
- 2018
- Publisher :
- Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2018.
-
Abstract
- Annatto (Bixa orellana L.) is a tropical American crop, commercially valuable due to its application in the food and cosmetics industries as a natural dye. The wild ancestor of cultivated annatto is B. orellana var. urucurana. Although never cultivated, this variety occurs in open forests and anthropogenic landscapes, and is always associated with riparian environments. In this study, we evaluated the genetic diversity and structure of B. orellana var. urucurana populations in Brazilian Amazonia using 16 microsatellite loci. We used Ecological Niche Modeling (ENM) to characterize the potential geographical range of this variety in northern South America. We analyzed 170 samples from 10 municipalities in the states of Rondônia, Pará and Roraima. A total of 194 alleles was observed, with an average of 12.1 alleles per locus. Higher levels of expected (HE) than observed (HO) heterozygosities were found for all populations. Bayesian analysis, Neighbor-Joining dendrograms and PCAs suggest the existence of three strongly structured groups of populations. A strong and positive correlation between genetic and geographic distances was found, suggesting that genetic differentiation might be caused by geographic isolation. From species distribution modelling, we detected that South Rondônia, Madre di Dios River basin, Llanos de Mojos, Llanos de Orinoco and eastern Ecuador are highly suitable areas for wild annatto to occur, providing additional targets for future exploration and conservation. Climatic adaptation analyses revealed strong differentiation among populations, suggesting that precipitation plays a key role in wild annatto’s current and potential distribution patterns. This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Bixa Orellana
MARCADOR MOLECULAR
Heredity
Climate
Acclimatization
Population genetics
lcsh:Medicine
Forests
Plant Genetics
Microsatellite Loci
Geographical locations
Gene flow
lcsh:Science
Allele
Carotenoid
Multidisciplinary
Heterozygosity
Ecology
Geography
Amazon rainforest
Eukaryota
Species Distribution
Phylogeography
Gene Locus
Wild Species
Biogeography
Genetic Variability
Gene Structures
Brazil
Research Article
Gene Flow
Conservation of Natural Resources
Ecological Metrics
Bixa Orellana Var. Urucurana
Microsatellite Dna
General Science & Technology
Animal Types
Biology
Plant Extract
03 medical and health sciences
Gene Types
Genetics
Animals
Domestic Animals
Microsatellite Marker
Controlled Study
Forest
Genetic diversity
Evolutionary Biology
Population Biology
Plant Extracts
Brasil
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
lcsh:R
Organisms
Species diversity
Biology and Life Sciences
Bixaceae
Genetic Variation
Species Diversity
South America
biology.organism_classification
Nonhuman
Carotenoids
Environmental niche modelling
Bixa
030104 developmental biology
Genetic Loci
Earth Sciences
lcsh:Q
People and places
Zoology
Population Genetics
Varietas
Environmental Protection
Annatto
Microsatellite Repeats
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 19326203
- Volume :
- 13
- Issue :
- 6
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PLoS ONE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....3d7e1880b261124865dd287a61192bdf